Cordierite glass-ceramics-effect of TiO2 and ZrO2 content on phase sequence during heat treatment

Barry, T. I.; Cox, J. M.; Morrell, R.

doi:10.1007/bf00541810

Cited by 91 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It seems that the presence of [5] Al species in melts can often be associated with a low viscosity. In our case, the formation of these Al species can partly explain the decrease of the glass transition temperature observed with increasing titanium content [43]. The presence of [5] Al species should also contribute to the distortion and weakening of the network.…”

Section: Effect Of the Introduction Of Titanium Dioxide On The Glass mentioning

confidence: 82%

Environment of titanium and aluminum in a magnesium alumino-silicate glass

Guignard

Cormier

Montouillout

et al. 2009

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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The structure of the glass 2MgO-2Al 2 O 3 -5SiO 2 -TiO 2 was investigated using neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution. Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modeling was used to reproduce experimental structure factors derived from diffraction experiments. The local environment of titanium atoms was determined and it corresponds to an average of 5.4 ± 0.2 oxygen atoms at a mean distance of 1.86 ± 0.02Å. This coordination number agrees with the predominance of fivefold coordination, with the coexistence of four-and sixfold coordination in similar amounts. 27 Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results revealed that the proportion of highly coordinated aluminum atoms in this titanium-bearing glass was higher than in the titanium-free sample. RMC modeling was used to interpret the structural role of these [5] Al species and we show a trend for preferential bonding between [5] Al and Ti atoms. This favored linkage is important to understand the role of titanium dioxide as a nucleating agent in inorganic glass-ceramics fabrication.

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Section: Effect Of the Introduction Of Titanium Dioxide On The Glass mentioning

confidence: 82%

Environment of titanium and aluminum in a magnesium alumino-silicate glass

Guignard

Cormier

Montouillout

et al. 2009

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…The largest crystallites in the glass have compositions very similar to that of the matrix glass, but slightly enriched with SiO2. The stoichiometry of these crystals is very close to MgO.A1203.3SiO2, the composition of magnesium petalite (Barry, Cox & Morrell, 1978). Owing to the electron beam dimension of about 10 nm, the EDX spectrum of the smallest particles is superimposed by the matrix signal.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Transmission Electron Microscopy and Elecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Formation Kinetics in a Glass Ceramic Studied by Small-Angle Scattering of X-rays and Neutrons and by Visible-Light Scattering

Lembke¹,

Brückner²,

Kranold³

et al. 1997

J Appl Cryst

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The kinetics of the primary phase formation in a glass ceramic base glass near the cordierite composition in the MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system, with additions of ZrO2 and TiO2 as nucleating agents, have been investigated by combining different small‐angle scattering techniques. Phase formation in the base glass heated isothermally at 1093 K has been studied in order to elucidate the structural processes that take place during controlled nucleation before volume crystallization begins. Complementary results of X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis reveal that in the final stages of annealing, different crystalline phases, which are dispersed in the residual glassy phase, are developed. The largest particles have sizes of the order of several hundreds of nanometers and consist of magnesium petalite as well as a high‐quartz solid solution. Besides these crystals, two populations of smaller particles, the sizes of which can be resolved by small‐angle scattering, were detected and found to be enriched with TiO2 and/or ZrO2. The growth of particles of intermediate size was studied in situ. The radius, R, of each of these particles increases with increasing treatment time, t, according to the power law R∝t1/2, indicating diffusion‐limited independent growth. The scattering patterns are modified by diffusion zones surrounding the growing particles. The characteristics of the diffusion zones are evaluated by fitting appropriate model scattering curves to the experimental scattering data. The structural arrangement of the Ti and Zr ions was studied by contrast variation with the help of anomalous small‐angle X‐ray scattering and small‐angle neutron scattering. As revealed by the contrast variation experiments, Ti ions are concentrated in the interface between the intermediate‐sized particles and the glass matrix, whereas Zr is homogeneously distributed in these particles. Additionally, the Zr ions participate in the formation of the smallest particles, which are crystallites enriched with ZrO2. Finally, the catalyzing effect of TiO2 and ZrO2 on the nucleation and volume crystallization of the glass ceramic is discussed.

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“…Despite extensive research carried out in the fields of crystallization behaviour, kinetics and properties of these glass ceramics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] they are still under study [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%