Cord blood levels of immunoglobulin G subclass antibodies to food and inhalant allergens in relation to maternal atopy and the development of atopic disease during the first 8 years of life

Jenmalm, Maria C.; Björkstén, Bengt

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00771.x

Cited by 78 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…More recently, epidemiological studies indicate that the presence of high titers of cat-specific IgG Abs is inversely related to the risk of developing cat allergies (35). Along this line, increased levels of maternal anti-Bet v 1 Abs at birth have been associated with a reduced prevalence of allergies at 18 mo of age (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Role of Preconceptional Immunization for Protective and Nonpathological Specific Immunity in Murine Neonates

Uthoff

Spenner

Reckelkamm

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

111

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Expression of Th2 immunity against environmental Ags is the hallmark of the allergic phenotype and contrasts with the Th1-like pattern, which is stably expressed in healthy adults throughout life. Epidemiological studies indicate that the prenatal environment plays an important and decisive role in the development of allergy later in life. Since the underlying mechanisms were unclear, an animal model was developed to study the impact of maternal allergy on the development of an allergic immune response in early life. An allergic Th2 response was induced in pregnant mice by sensitization and aerosol allergen exposure. Both, IgG1 and IgG2a, but not IgE, Abs cross the placental barrier. Free allergen also crosses the placental area and was detected in serum and amniotic fluids of neonatal F1 mice. These F1 mice demonstrated a suppressed Th1 response, as reflected by lowered frequencies and reduced levels of IFN-γ production. Development of an IgE response against the same allergen was completely prevented early in life. This effect was mediated by diaplacental transfer of allergen-specific IgG1 Abs. In contrast, allergic sensitization against a different allergen early in life was accelerated in these mice. This effect was mediated by maternal CD4 and OVA-specific Th2 cells induced by allergic sensitization during pregnancy. These data indicate a critical role for maternal T and B cell response in shaping pre- and postnatal maturation of specific immunity to allergens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Role of Preconceptional Immunization for Protective and Nonpathological Specific Immunity in Murine Neonates

Uthoff

Spenner

Reckelkamm

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

111

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“…47,48 The placenta allows a cross talk between maternal stimuli, possibly induced via microbial stimulation of maternal toll-like receptors, and fetal responses. 24 As fetal T cells have developed during the second trimester of gestation, 36 maternal signals may then direct the immune cell lineage commitment of the offspring during a critical developmental period when the epigenetic program is highly susceptible to environmental influences.…”

Section: The Role Of Maternal Microbial Exposure and Immune Regulatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Immune Maturation and Allergy Development: Regulation by Maternal Immunity and Microbial Exposure

Jenmalm

2011

American J Rep Immunol

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Citation Jenmalm MC. Childhood Immune Maturation and Allergy Development: Regulation by Maternal Immunity and Microbial Exposure. Am J Reprod Immunol 2011; 66 (Suppl. 1): 75–80Problem The increasing allergy prevalence in affluent countries may be caused by reduced microbial stimulation, resulting in an abnormal post‐natal immune maturation. Most studies investigating the underlying mechanisms have focused on post‐natal microbial exposure. Also, the maternal microbial environment during pregnancy may program the immune development of the child, however.Method of study This review focuses on how maternal immunity and microbial exposures regulate childhood immune and allergy development.Results Prenatal environmental exposures may alter gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms, aiming to induce physiological adaptations to the anticipated post‐natal environment, but potentially also increasing disease susceptibility in the offspring. Although the importance of fetal programming mostly has been studied in cardiovascular and metabolic disease, this hypothesis is also very attractive in the context of environmentally influenced immune‐mediated diseases.Conclusion Efficacious preventive measures, required to combat the allergy epidemic, may be identified by determining how the immune interaction between mother and child is influenced by microbial factors.

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“…Reforçam esse fato as observações de níveis significativamente mais elevados de sub-classes de imunoglobulinas G (IgG), especialmente IgG4, a alérgenos inalantes e/ou alimentares em sangue de cordão umbilical de recém-nascidos de mães atópicas do que de não atópicas 24,25 . A transferência destas classes de anticorpos pela placenta sugere a probabilidade de haver um mecanismo a mais para a regulação da imunidade alérgeno-específica na criança, bem como a influência materna na produção de INF-g pelas células T de seu filho 25 .…”

Section: Resposta Imune Específicaunclassified

Imunidade relacionada à resposta alérgica no início da vida

Correa¹,

Zuliani²

2001

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: given that the most common allergic manifestations (asthma, rhinitis, dermatitis, food allergies) occur during childhood, because the immune system can be induced into sensitization rather than into allergenic tolerance at the beginning of life, we analyzed the main immunological aspects of fetuses and infant in terms of allergic sensitization and response.Methods: detailed bibliographic revision concerning nonspecific immune response (physical and chemical barriers, myeloid cells) and specific immune response (T and B lymphocytes, cytokines) of the fetus and infant, with special attention to studies carried out in the last fifteen years.Results: various compartments of the immune system in fetuses and infants are different from those present in older children and adults. Thus, developmental aspects of nonspecific and specific immunity may contribute to atopic disease.Conclusions: atopic predisposition is determined at the beginning of life and seems to originate not only from genetic factors, but also from intrauterine environment and initial stage of childhood, inducing the immune system to increase the synthesis of IgE.J Pediatr (Rio J) 2001; 77 (6): 441-6: hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, natural immunity, cellular immunity, antibody formation. ResumoObjetivo: considerando-se que é na infância que as manifestações alérgicas mais comuns (asma, rinite, dermatite, alergia alimentar) ocorrem, porque é no início da vida que o sistema imune pode ser induzido à sensibilização ao invés de tolerância alergênica, analisamos as principais peculiaridades imunológicas do feto e da criança jovem, inerentes à sensibilização e resposta alérgica.Métodos: os autores realizaram revisão literária detalhada concernente à resposta imune inespecífica (barreiras físico-químicas, células mielóides) e específica (linfócitos T e B, citocinas) do feto e de crianças mais jovens, enfatizando os estudos mais relevantes nos últimos quinze anos.Resultados: vários compartimentos do sistema imune do feto e de crianças mais jovens são diferentes daqueles da criança maior e do adulto. Conseqüentemente, aspectos relativos ao desenvolvimento da imunidade inespecífica e específica, podem contribuir para a geração de atopia.Conclusões: a predisposição atópica determina-se no início da vida e parece originar-se, além dos fatores genéticos, por aqueles ocorridos no ambiente intra-uterino e fase inicial da infância, os quais influenciam o sistema imune à síntese elevada de IgE.J Pediatr (Rio J) 2001; 77 (6): 441-6: hipersensibilidade, autoimunidade, imunidade natural, imunidade celular, formação de anticorpos. Imunidade relacionada à resposta alérgica no início da vidaImmunity related to allergic response at the beginning of life Joaquina M.M. Correa 1 , Antonio Zuliani 2 As alergopatias resultam de uma conjunção de fatores genéticos (produção de células, citocinas e imunoglobulina E, por exemplo) e ambientais específicos (alérgenos) ou inespecíficos (tabagismo, infecções, exercícios, alterações psicossociais, tratamento e outros). T...

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Cord blood levels of immunoglobulin G subclass antibodies to food and inhalant allergens in relation to maternal atopy and the development of atopic disease during the first 8 years of life

Abstract: High levels of cord blood IgG subclass, especially IgG4, antibodies to food and inhalant allergens are associated with maternal atopy. High levels of IgG antibodies to inhalant, but not food, allergens are associated with less development of atopy in the children.

Cited by 78 publications

References 29 publications

Critical Role of Preconceptional Immunization for Protective and Nonpathological Specific Immunity in Murine Neonates

Critical Role of Preconceptional Immunization for Protective and Nonpathological Specific Immunity in Murine Neonates

Childhood Immune Maturation and Allergy Development: Regulation by Maternal Immunity and Microbial Exposure

Imunidade relacionada à resposta alérgica no início da vida

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