Cord blood iron profile and breast milk micronutrients in maternal iron deficiency anemia

El-Farrash, Rania A.; Ismail, Eman Abdel Rahman; Nada, Ahmed S.

doi:10.1002/pbc.23184

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In our study, neonates born to obese women have iron profiles which closely resemble those of infants born to iron deficient women (18), although their mothers were not iron deficient. This further supports the idea that obesity-related inflammation may be contributing to impaired maternal-fetal iron transport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…The sample size is small, but despite this we have shown a strong relationship between maternal obesity and offspring iron status. A Tsat< 20% has been used to define iron deficiency (18). In our control subjects, 57% of the women had Tsat<20% and in our obese subjects, 75% of the women had Tsat<20%; however, these differences were not statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity during pregnancy and fetal iron status: is Hepcidin the link?

et al. 2012

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Objective To ascertain the effect of obesity-related inflammation on maternal and fetal iron status. We hypothesized that obese pregnant women would have increased inflammation, hepcidin levels, and that their infants would have impaired iron status compared to lean controls. Study Design Fifteen obese (Ob) and fifteen lean (Lc) women were recruited in their second trimester of pregnancy. Markers of iron status, inflammation and hepcidin were measured in maternal and cord blood. Student’s t test was used to compare obese and lean groups, and Pearson correlation coefficients were determined between maternal and cord blood values. Results Maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) (p<0.01) and hepcidin (p<0.01) were higher, and cord blood iron (p<0.01) was lower in the obese group. Maternal BMI (p<0.01) and hepcidin (p<0.05) were negatively correlated with cord blood iron status. Conclusions Maternal obesity is associated with impaired maternal-fetal iron transfer, potentially through hepcidin upregulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity during pregnancy and fetal iron status: is Hepcidin the link?

et al. 2012

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“…Yenidoganindemirdeposu annenin demirdurumunabagli olabilir, birçok çali §mada gebelikte anne demir eksikliginin fetal demir depolarini etkiledigi bulunmu §tur (8)(9)(10). Demir eksikliginin fetal ve yenidogan etkilerinin önlenebilmesi için demir verilmesi mümkünse gebelik öncesinde veya erken gebelikte ba §lanmasi önerilmektedir (6).…”

Section: Giriçunclassified

Does maternal anemia affect the newborn?

Dane¹,

Arslan²,

Batmaz³

et al. 2013

Turk Pediatri Ars

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Amaç: Çaliçmamizin amací gebelikte mevcut oían aneminin ve yenidoganda etkilerini degerlendirmekti.Gereç ve Yöntem: Klinigimizde dogum yapan 307 gebenin hemoglobin (Hb), hematokrit (Hct) degerleri ve yenidoganlarin kordon kaninda bakilan Hb, Hct, bilirübin degerleri ile dogum §ekli, yenidogan kilosu, Apgar skorlarmí belirledik. Gebeler Hb degerinin 11,1 mg/dL ve üzerinde anemik olmayan, Hb degeri 11 mg/dL altmda oían anemik grup olmak üzere iki grupta degerlendirildi. Ayrica Hb degerinin >11,1 mg/dL, 11-10,1 mg/dL arasinda, iO-9,1mg/dLarasinda ve <9 mg/dL olmasi §eklinde dort grup olu §turuldu. Bulgular:Çali §maya 146 anemik, 161 anemik olmayan olgu dahil edildi. Anemik gebelerin düfük dogum agirhkli bebek dogurma oraní anlamli olarak yüksek idi (%11,6'ya kar §ilik % 4,3, p=0,029). Dü §ük dogum agirligi sikliginin anne Hb degeri 10 g/dL ve altmda oldugunda anlamli olarak arttigí saptandi (p=0,0045). Anemik gebelerin kordon kam Hb (17,49±2,4 g/dL'ye kar §ilik 18,1 ± 2,4; p=0,026) ve Hct (%53,3±7,4'e kar §ilik %55,6±7,2; p=0,006) degerleri anlamli olarak dü §ük bulundu. Çikarimlar: Gebelikteki anemi yenidoganm dü §ük dogum kilosu ile dogma riskini artirmakta ve Hb ve Hct degerlerini azaltmaktadir.Anemi taranmali ve dogum öncesinde tedavi edilmelidir. (Turk PedAr § 2013; 48:195-9) Anahtar sözcükler: Anemi, dü §ük dogum agirligí, hemoglobin, yenidogan Sumtnary Aim: In this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal anemia on the newborn. Material and Method: We determined hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels of 307 pregnant women who delivered in our clinic and Hb, Hct, bilirubin levels in the cord blood, mode of delivery and Apgar scores of their newborns. The pregnant women were evaluated in two groups according to their Hb levels with the ones with a Hb value above 11.1 mg/dl as the nonanemic group and the ones with a Hb value below 11 mg/dl as the anemic group. We also created four groups with Hb levels >11.1 mg/dl, between 11 and 10.1 mg/dl, between 10 and 9.1 mg/dl and <9 mg/dl. Results:We included 146 anemic and 161 nonanemic patients in the study. The rate of delivery of babies with low birth weight was significantly higher in the anemic group (11.6% vs. 4.3%, p=0.029). The rate of low birth weight was significantly higher in the patients with a Hb level of <10 mg/dl (62.5 % sensitivity 74.7% specificity). The cord blood Hb (17.49±2.4 g/dl vs. 18.1 ±2.4; p=0.026) and Hct levels (53.3±7.4 % vs. 55.6± 7.2 %; p=0.006) in the anemic group were significantly lower. Conclusions: Anemia in pregnancy increases the risk of low birth weight and lowers the levels of Hb and Hct of the newbom. Anemia should be screened and treated before delivery (TurkArch Ped2013; 48; 195-9)

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“…Maternal anemia is further associated with increased risk of low birth weight, and elevated maternal and perinatal mortality, and in severe cases of anemia, with child mortality (Christian, ; Murray‐Kolb & Beard, ; Picciano, ). Recent studies report altered quality of breast milk in association with maternal anemia, including reduced immunological components (França et al, ) and minerals (El‐Farrash, Ismail, & Nada, ), and altered nutritional contents (Corbitt, Paredes Ruvalcaba, & Fujita, , ; França et al, ; Fujita, Brindle, & Lo, ). The altered quality of breast milk may be an important pathway linking maternal anemia to child malnutrition, morbidity, and mortality in some environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buffered or impaired: Maternal anemia, inflammation and breast milk macronutrients in northern Kenya

Fujita

Ruvalcaba

Wander

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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Background: Maternal anemia has adverse consequences for the mother-infant dyad. To evaluate whether and how milk nutrient content may change in ways that could "buffer" infants against the conditions underlying maternal anemia, this study assessed associations between milk macronutrients and maternal iron-deficiency anemia (IDA), non-iron-deficiency anemia (NIDA), and inflammation.Methods: A secondary analysis of cross-sectional data and milk from northern Kenya was conducted (n = 204). The combination of hemoglobin and transferrin receptor defined IDA/NIDA. Elevated serum C-reactive protein defined acute inflammation. The effects of IDA, NIDA, and inflammation on milk macronutrients were evaluated in regression models.Results: IDA (β = 0.077, p = .022) and NIDA (β = 0.083, p = .100) predicted higher total protein (ln). IDA (β = −0.293, p = .002), NIDA (β = −0.313, p = .047), and inflammation (β = −0.269, p = .007) each predicted lower fat (ln); however, anemia accompanying inflammation predicted higher fat (β = 0.655, p = .007 for IDA and β = 0.468, p = .092 for NIDA). NIDA predicted higher lactose (β = 1.020, p = .003).Conclusions: Milk macronutrient content both increases and decreases in the presence of maternal anemia and inflammation, suggesting a more complicated and dynamic change than simple impairment of nutrient delivery during maternal stress. Maternal fat delivery to milk may be impaired under anemia. Mothers may buffer infant nutrition against adverse conditions or poor maternal health by elevating milk protein (mothers with IDA/NIDA), lactose (mothers with NIDA), or fat (mothers with anemia and inflammation). This study demonstrates the foundational importance of maternal micronutrient health and inflammation or infection for advancing the ecological understanding of human milk nutrient variation.

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Cord blood iron profile and breast milk micronutrients in maternal iron deficiency anemia

Cited by 59 publications

References 39 publications

Obesity during pregnancy and fetal iron status: is Hepcidin the link?

Obesity during pregnancy and fetal iron status: is Hepcidin the link?

Does maternal anemia affect the newborn?

Buffered or impaired: Maternal anemia, inflammation and breast milk macronutrients in northern Kenya

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