Copper pathology in vulnerable brain regions in Parkinson's disease

Davies, Katherine M.; Bohic, Sylvain; Carmona, Asunción; Ortega, Richard; Cottam, Veronica; Hare, Dominic J.; Finberg, J. P. M.; Reyes, Stefanie; Halliday, Glenda M.; Mercer, Julian F. B.; Double, Kay L.

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.09.034

Cited by 202 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Several mechanisms have been proposed that induce toxicity inside the cytoplasm of neurons and also in the extracellular space, including a-synuclein/neuromelanin pathology, 148 ceruloplasmin dysfunction, 149 copper and cuproprotein dyshomeostasis 11 and an iron/dopamine-mediated oxidative stress cycle. 150 Dopaminergic neurons are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, potentially due to their propensity to accumulate iron with age, 151,152 and thus oxidative stress presents a central role on PD pathogenesis, [153][154][155] and a logical target of selenoprotein antioxidant activity.…”

Section: Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 In concert with this high metabolic activity, the high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the brain makes it more vulnerable to peroxidation. A selective vulnerability within certain neurons to oxidative stress may arise from deficiencies in antioxidant enzyme activity, 8 which is a likely upstream event in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, 9 including Alzheimer's disease (AD), 10 Parkinson's disease (PD) 11 and other neurodegenerative disorders. Selenoproteins, with their inherent antioxidant activity, thus play essential roles as part of the free radical defence system, though the function of these proteins is not necessarily restricted to this singular classification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium, selenoproteins and neurodegenerative diseases

et al. 2015

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It is unsurprising that our understanding of the role of selenium in neurological function is somewhat immature, considering its relatively recent discovery as an essential element to human health. Selenocysteine, the 21st amino acid, is the defining feature of the 25 selenoprotein-encoding genes so far discovered within the human genome. The low abundance of these proteins in the brain belies the integral role they play in normal neurological function, from well-characterised antioxidant activity in the periphery to poorly understood mechanisms that modulate mitochondrial function and response to brain pathology. Selenium has been identified as playing a role in several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, though its function as a 'cause or effect' of disease process remains unclear. This review discusses selenium metabolism in detail, specifically with regard to the role it plays within the central nervous system, and examines the most current literature investigating how selenium may be involved in chronic diseases of the central nervous system.

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Section: Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium, selenoproteins and neurodegenerative diseases

et al. 2015

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“…Figure 1 illustrates the metabolism of copper in the brain. Brain concentrations range from 3.1 to 5.1 mg/g wet weight [11,12]. Within the brain, the distribution of copper is heterogeneous.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Copper Homeostasis: Mechanisms and Roles in Neurodegeneration

Manto

2014

Toxics

103

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As a cofactor of proteins and enzymes involved in critical molecular pathways in mammals and low eukaryotes, copper is a transition metal essential for life. The intra-cellular and extra-cellular metabolism of copper is under tight control, in order to maintain free copper concentrations at very low levels. Copper is a critical element for major neuronal functions, and the central nervous system is a major target of disorders of copper metabolism. Both the accumulation of copper and copper deficiency are associated with brain dysfunction. The redox capacities of free copper, its ability to trigger the production of reactive oxygen species and the close relationships with the regulation of iron and zinc are remarkable features. Major advances in our understanding of the relationships between copper, neuronal functions and neurodegeneration have occurred these last two decades. The metabolism of copper and the current knowledge on the consequences of copper dysregulation on brain disorders are reviewed, with a focus on neurodegenerative diseases, such as Wilson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In vitro studies, in vivo experiments and evidence from clinical observations of the neurotoxic effects of copper provide the basis for future therapies targeting copper homeostasis.

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“…In this study, the amount of Cu ions released from the surface of 304CuSS was measured to be about 2e8 mg/l, far less than the above standard limitation. Moreover, Cu is an indispensable trace element for almost all forms of life, which is used as a co-factor by different copper enzymes [58] , i.e., a proper absorption of Cu is good for health of human [59] .…”

Section: Copper Ions Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Performance of a Cu-bearing Stainless Steel against Microorganisms in Tap Water

et al. 2015

Journal of Materials Science & Technology

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Date of Acceptance: 11/11/2014Tap water is one of the most commonly used water resources in our daily life. However, the increasing water contamination and the health risk caused by pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli have attracted more attention. The mutualism of different pathogenic bacteria may diminish antibacterial effect of antibacterial agents. It was found that materials used for making pipe and tap played one of the most important roles in promoting bacterial growth. This paper is to report the performance of an innovative type 304 Cu-bearing stainless steel (304CuSS) against microbes in tap water. The investigation methodologies involved were means of heterotrophic plate count, contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy for observing the cell and subtract surface morphology, atomic absorption spectrometry for copper ions release study, and confocal laser scanning microscopy used for examining live/dead bacteria on normal 304 stainless steel and 304CuSS. It was found that the surface free energy varied after being immersed in tap water with polar component and Cu ions release. The results showed 304CuSS could effectively kill most of the planktonic bacteria (max 95.9% antibacterial rate), and consequently inhibit bacterial biofilms formation on the surface, contributing to the reduction of pathogenic risk to the surrounding environments

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Copper pathology in vulnerable brain regions in Parkinson's disease

Cited by 202 publications

References 45 publications

Selenium, selenoproteins and neurodegenerative diseases

Selenium, selenoproteins and neurodegenerative diseases

Abnormal Copper Homeostasis: Mechanisms and Roles in Neurodegeneration

Antibacterial Performance of a Cu-bearing Stainless Steel against Microorganisms in Tap Water

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