Copper nanowires based mode-locker for soliton nanosecond pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber laser

Ismail, Ezzatul Irradah; Ahmad, Fauzan; Shafie, Suhaidi; Yahaya, Hafizal; Latif, Amirah Abdul; Muhammad, F.D.

doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2020.103228

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[ 220,221 ] Afterward, they also employed copper nanowires (CuNWs) in mode‐locked EDFL with the TEM image exhibited in Figure a. [ 222 ] Based on CuNWs‐SA, 173‐ns pulses at 1563.3 nm with repetition rate of 1.86 MHz and pulse separation of 537 ns were observed as shown in Figure 16b–d, which revealed high stability and ultrafast properties. Next year, Muhammad et al.…”

Section: Applications Of Nanomaterials In Ultrafast Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration and Applications of Nanomaterials for Ultrafast Photonics

Zhao

Jin

Liu

et al. 2022

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Nanomaterials with remarkable optical, mechanical, and electrical properties have shed new light on various fields including optoelectronics, sensors, biomedicine, and ultrafast photonics. Particularly, owing to their nonlinear optical properties, fast recovery time, and broadband operation, nanomaterials are well qualified as saturable absorbers in ultrafast pulsed lasers. Over the development of the past decades, various nanomaterials have been developed as saturable absorbers, which contribute to a diversity of lasers with excellent performance. Therefore, it is important for researchers to provide a landmark of the applications of nanomaterials in ultrafast photonics concerning cutting‐edge development. Herein, the integration and applications of nanomaterials in ultrafast photonics are reviewed. First, end‐face, lateral, as well as photonic crystal fibers padding integration methods are introduced along with their process and characteristics. Then the ultrafast applications of nanomaterials including carbon‐based (carbon nanotubes and graphene), typical 2D (topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and MXenes), and metal‐based nanomaterials (gold, silver, copper, and metal oxides) are summarized. Major parameters of ultrafast lasers and features of each nanomaterial are presented simultaneously. Finally, the perspectives of nanomaterials for further development in ultrafast photonics are discussed.

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Section: Applications Of Nanomaterials In Ultrafast Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration and Applications of Nanomaterials for Ultrafast Photonics

Zhao

Jin

Liu

et al. 2022

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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show abstract

“…[121,158] Later in 2020, they also observed 173-ns mode-locked pulses from an EDFL at 1563.3 nm with CuNW SA. [120] In 2021, Muhammad et al obtained a highly stable mode-locked laser based on CuNP SA, which produced 2.85-ps pulses with SNR up to 71 dB. [89]…”

Section: Copper-basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After a series of processes, the mixed solution was placed on the substrate to form CuNW–PDMS film. [ 120 ] In the same year, CuNP solution was combined with chitosan solution and obtained CuNP–chitosan film, where chitosan has the merits of good transmissivity and high elasticity. [ 121 ] In addition, pure polymer films can be prepared first.…”

Section: Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Challenges in Ultrafast Photonics Enabled by Metal Nanomaterials

Wang

Liu

Chao

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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absorbers (SAs) are widely used to obtain ultrafast lasers. Mode-locking indicates a fixed phase between longitudinal modes in spectral domain, while Q-switching refers to the giant pulse formation due to the tunable Q factor of the laser cavity. Saturable absorption represents the optical modulation that absorption coefficient of SAs decreases with the increase of incident optical intensity, where SAs are often categorized into artificial and real SAs. [7][8][9] Artificial SAs mainly consist of nonlinear polarization evolution, [10,11] nonlinear optical loop mirrors, [12][13][14] and nonlinear amplification loop mirrors, [15,16] which fulfill the function of saturable absorption by means of nonlinear effects. By contrast, real SAs are characterized by the inherent nonlinear absorption property of the materials. Semiconductor saturable absorber mirror is a typical real SA and widely used in diverse lasers. However, several drawbacks such as complex fabrication and narrow operating bandwidth restrict its applications. [17][18][19][20][21] Under such circumstances, nanomaterials emerge as SAs of distinction where 2D nanomaterials have been widely investigated because of the unique optical properties induced by the energy band structures. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Graphene possesses zero bandgap and ultrafast carrier dynamics properties, contributing to a broad operating bandwidth and fast response time. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Nevertheless, the modulation depth of ≈2.3% per layer limits Nanomaterials with outstanding optical properties are widely used in ultrafast photonics. Especially, metal nanomaterials have attracted increasing attention in recent years owing to the surface plasmon resonance that further enhances their nonlinear optical response, making them suitable for generating ultrafast pulses in a wide range of wavebands. Herein, the fabrication and integration processes of typical metal nanomaterials such as gold, silver, and copper, as well as their applications in ultrafast lasers are reviewed. The synthesis methods of metal nanomaterials, which can be divided into dry and wet methods, are first introduced with their characteristics and advantages summarized. Moreover, the integration approaches that are used to incorporate metal nanomaterials into laser cavities are discussed, where sandwich structure based on polymer film and deposition method, as well as evanescent-wave structure based on D-shaped and tapered fiber are demonstrated. Besides, the state of the art of typical ultrafast lasers enabled by metal nanoparticles is systematically reviewed. Finally, current challenges and perspectives on the development of ultrafast photonics enabled by metal nanomaterials are proposed.

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“…Another printing technique is the doctor blading method, − as shown in Figure a, which mainly involves dropping the Cu ink on the mold surface, spreading and filling into the patterns, as well as removing the excess ink. This is one of the most versatile techniques that was invented during the 20th century.…”

Section: Printing and Post-treatment Of Conductive Copper Ink Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancement of Emerging Nano Copper-Based Printable Flexible Hybrid Electronics

Chang

Khuje

et al. 2021

ACS Nano

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Printed copper materials have been attracting significant attention prominently due to their electric, mechanical, and thermal properties. The emerging copper-based flexible electronics and energy-critical applications rely on the control of electric conductivity, current-carrying capacity, and reliability of copper nanostructures and their printable ink materials. In this review, we describe the growth of copper nanostructures as the building blocks for printable ink materials on which a variety of conductive features can be additively manufactured to achieve high electric conductivity and stability. Accordingly, the copper-based flexible hybrid electronics and energy-critical devices printed by different printing techniques are reviewed for emerging applications.

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Copper nanowires based mode-locker for soliton nanosecond pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber laser

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Integration and Applications of Nanomaterials for Ultrafast Photonics

Integration and Applications of Nanomaterials for Ultrafast Photonics

Recent Advances and Challenges in Ultrafast Photonics Enabled by Metal Nanomaterials

Recent Advancement of Emerging Nano Copper-Based Printable Flexible Hybrid Electronics

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