Copper and Manganese Increase Resistance of Clusterbean to Root Rot Caused by Rhizoctonia

Abstract

Clusterbean seedlings growing in soil inoculated with Rhizoctonia were treated with either 5 or 10 ppm Cu 2+ and Mn 2+ . Soil was inoculated by pretreatment with 250 mg (wet weight) of Rhizoctonia inoculum. A similar set of plants was maintained in uninoculated soil. Root rot incidence of plants treated with Cu 2+ 5 ppm, Cu 2+ 10 ppm, Mn 2+ 5 ppm and Mn 2+ 10 ppm was 26.6, 30.5, 11.8 and 29.2% less than the inoculated control, respectively. Inoculation with Rhizoctonia reduced chlorophyll, non-structural carbohydrate and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) content compared with uninoculated ones. Oxidative enzymes activities (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and tyrosine ammonia lyase), crude protein, phenolic content, structural components (acid detergent fibre, cellulose and lignin), silica, macronutrients and micronutrients increased in inoculated seedlings and this increase was further heightened by the Cu 2+ 10 ppm treatment compared with the Cu 2+ 5 ppm, Mn 2+ 5 ppm and Mn 2+ 10 ppm treatments in response to fungal invasion. It was concluded that the Cu 2+ 10 ppm treatment may be an effective soil nutrient to provide enhanced resistance of clusterbean plants to root rot (fungal) diseases.

Interaction of vascular streak dieback disease of cocoa with soil nutrient status in Indonesia

“…Brennan (1992) reported that the addition of manganese decreased the severity of 'wheat take-all' disease, but not the incidence. Similar results were reported by Heckman et al (2003), Simoglou and Dordas (2006), and Wadhwa et al (2013). The beneficial effects of copper and zinc application in controlling plant disease has been widely reported (Thongbai et al 1993a; Thongbai et al 1993b;Pernezny & Collins 1997;Khairulmazmi 2011;Stoltz & Wallenhammar 2012;Singh 2014).…”

Effects of four disease-controlling agents (chlorothalonil, CuCl2, harpin, and melatonin) on postharvest jujube fruit quality

“…Reports showed that defense enzyme such as PAL and PPO, coupled with GST and GR, play different roles in regulating disease resistance 25 and pesticide degradation in plants 13 . Interestingly, research showed that Cu 27 , harpin 25 and melatonin 28 can strongly stimulate PAL and PPO activities in plants, whereas CHT can profoundly enhance GST and GR activities in plants 12 , 13 . Thus, the effects of CHT, CuCl 2 , harpin, and melatonin on PAL, PPO, GST, and GR activities in postharvest jujube fruit were investigated (Fig.…”