Coplanar waveguide‐fed electrically small dual‐polarized short‐ended zeroth‐order resonating antenna using Ω‐shaped capacitor and single‐split ring resonator for GPS/WiMAX/WLAN/C‐band applications

Abstract

This work explains the design and analysis of a triple‐band electrically small (ka = 0.56 < 1) zeroth‐order resonating (ZOR) antenna with wideband circular polarization (CP) characteristics. The antenna compactness is obtained due to ZOR frequency of composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) and wideband CP radiation are achieved due to the introduction of single‐split ring resonator and asymmetric coplanar waveguide fed ground plane. The proposed antenna obtains an overall electrical size including the ground plane of 0.124 λ0 × 0.131 λ0 × 0.005 λ0 at 1.58 GHz and physical dimension of 23.7 × 25 × 1 mm3 are achieved. The antenna provides a size reduction of 44.95% compared to a conventional monopole antenna. The novelty behind the ohm‐shaped capacitor is the generation of extra miniaturization with better antenna compactness. The antenna provides dual‐polarized radiation pattern with linear polarization radiation at 1.58 and 3.54 GHz, wideband CP radiation at 5.8 GHz. The antenna measured results shows good impedance bandwidth of 5%, 6.21%, and 57.5% for the three bands centered at 1.58, 3.54, and 5.8 GHz with a wider axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 25.47% is obtained in the third band. The antenna provides a higher level of compactness, wider ARBW, good radiation efficiency, and wider S11 bandwidth. Hence, the proposed antenna is suitable for use in GPS L1 band (1.565‐1.585 GHz), WiMAX 3.5 GHz (3.4‐3.8 GHz) GHz, WLAN 5.2/5.8 GHz (5.15‐5.825 GHz), and C‐band (4‐8 GHz) wireless application systems.

Design of low volume circularly polarized annular ring‐shaped planar antenna for GPS applications

“…The radiator and two rectangular ground planes were impressed on the identical direction of the dielectric material to facilitate a coplanar waveguide feed. Two degenerated modes with same amplitude and 90° phase difference yields circularly polarized waves 14,15 . Usually annular ring antenna provides the flexibility to excite different modes and size miniaturization for satellite signal reception 16 .…”

“…Two degenerated modes with same amplitude and 90 phase difference yields circularly polarized waves. 14,15 Usually annular ring antenna provides the flexibility to excite different modes and size miniaturization for satellite signal reception. 16 The mode can be described by analysis the H-field distribution as shown in Figure 2.…”

Composite right/left‐handed ultra‐wideband metamaterial antenna with improved gain

“…These special features have made the MTMs quite attractive for antenna design applications 8‐20 . The MTM‐based antenna can achieve an arbitrarily compact footprint due to its unique feature termed as the zeroth‐order resonance (ZOR) 21‐28 . At ZOR, the antenna obeys an infinite wavelength operation, which makes the physical size independent of frequency.…”

A Novel Zor Antenna With a Capability to Change Polarization and Diversity

“…Up to now, although many MIMO antennas with metamaterial structures have been reported [1][2][3][4][5], no CP diversity MIMO antenna using the ZOR technique is introduced. Some single port studies are available in the literature [18][19][20][21].…”