Composite right/left‐handed ultra‐wideband metamaterial antenna with improved gain

Abstract

A coplanar waveguide-fed ultra-wideband (UWB) composite right/left-handed (CRLH) antenna is presented. It is designed by embedding CRLH unit-cell on the top side and split-ring resonator (SRR) on the bottom side of FR4 epoxy substrate. The UWB response is obtained by merging the resonances of CRLH unitcell and SRR with two additional resonances due to patch feed-line and ground plane, respectively. Subsequently, the gain of UWB CRLH antenna is enhanced by loading two partial reactive impedance surfaces (PRISs) on the double layer FR4 substrate. First PRIS is embedded directly on the rear side of CRLH antenna (upper layer substrate) whereas the second PRIS is designed on the backside of the lower layer substrate. A considerable improvement in gain is observed over the frequency range from 6.2 to 10.6 GHz with peak enhancement of 1.75 dB. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured results indicate −10 dB fractional bandwidth of 126.15% (3-13.25 GHz) with realized gains of 2.2, 5.25, 5.5, and 7.3 dBi at 3.57, 7.46, 8.92, and 10.59 GHz, respectively. The simulated radiation efficiency is above 61% with a peak value of 86.21%. All measured and simulated results match reasonably well.

Electromagnetic Metamaterials: A New Paradigm of Antenna Design

“…The proper alteration of shunt and series inductance and capacitors i.e., LC equivalent circuit of CRLH-TL, mode coupling techniques such as merging ZOR, FOR, and FONR behave as single passband resulting in wider bandwidth. Conversely, the gain of an antenna can be improved by embedding SRR and CSRR structures with CRLH [136]- [141]. In [142] developed an antenna based on CRLH unit cell for enhanced bandwidth of 71.11% and maximum realized gain of 3.75 dBi and gain by merging ZOR and FOR as shown in Figure 23.…”

Novel ENG Metamaterial for Gain Enhancement of an Off-set Fed CPW Concentric Circle Shaped Patch Antenna

“…However, the size of the antenna is very large. By embedding split ring resonator (SRR) and complementary SRR structures with composite right/left handed metamaterial, an antenna's gain is increased in [23]. Furthermore, different metamaterial-loaded multiband antennas have been reported in [24][25], featuring trade-off characteristics such as size, number of operating bands and gain.…”

Miniaturized tri‐wideband antenna loaded with metamaterial meander lines

“…4 Highly size compactness in printed multiband antennas can be accomplished with the concept of metamaterial-based transmission-lines, which in comparison with traditional structures, the resonance conditions are independent of the physical dimensions of the resonator. [5][6][7][8] Even though, most compact metamaterial multiband antennas reported are narrow-band or dual-band. 9,10 On the contrary, based on the literature, sparse efforts have been made on miniaturized metamaterial-based triwideband antennas.…”

“…Miniaturized multiband printed antennas with minimized dimensions are more suitable for integration in modern applications with limited space as well as in diversity and MIMO structures that use several single antenna elements to enhance the performance 4 . Highly size compactness in printed multiband antennas can be accomplished with the concept of metamaterial‐based transmission‐lines, which in comparison with traditional structures, the resonance conditions are independent of the physical dimensions of the resonator 5–8 . Even though, most compact metamaterial multiband antennas reported are narrow‐band or dual‐band 9,10 .…”