Coordinating cognition: The costs and benefits of shared gaze during collaborative search

Brennan, Susan E.; Chen, Xin; Dickinson, Christopher A.; Neider, Mark; Zelinsky, Gregory J.

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2007.05.012

Cited by 279 publications

(354 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As a result, there is little evidence to suggest at what point this form of gaze following ceases to be useful, or whether similar performance gains could arise from following a novice's eye movements. It is encouraging that more studies are examining collaborative visual search, yet the assertion that expert eye movements should be especially useful in training novices where to look neglects the possibility that a peer's eye movements could also be useful in directing attention (see Brennan et al, 2008;Stein & Brennan, 2004; see also Hinds, Patterson, & Pfeffer, 2001). That is, even the extensive literature on gaze perception has yet to determine if we follow another's gaze based on whether the person is an "expert" or "novice."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, there have been reports of higher order search strategies based on another's real-time gaze. For example, observers can regulate their own search behavior in a collaborative visual search task by strategically ignoring areas that they can see are being observed by their collaborator (Brennan, Chen, Dickinson, Neider, & Zelinsky, 2008). By taking advantage of these non-verbal gaze cues, observers have been shown to be able to reduce their search times significantly.…”

Section: The Communicative Role Of Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Viewing another person's eye movements improves identification of pulmonary nodules in chest x-ray inspection.

Litchfield¹,

Ball²,

Donovan³

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

110

107

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Double reading of chest x-rays is often used to ensure that fewer abnormalities are missed, but very little is known about how the search behavior of others affects observer performance. A series of experiments investigated whether radiographers benefit from knowing where another person looked for pulmonary nodules, and whether the expertise of the model providing the search behavior was a contributing factor. Experiment 1 compared the diagnostic performance of novice and experienced radiographers examining chest x-rays and found that both groups performed better when shown the search behavior of either a novice radiographer or an expert radiologist. Experiment 2 established that benefits in performance only arose when the eye movements shown were related to the search for nodules; however, only the novices' diagnostic performance consistently improved when shown the expert's search behavior. Experiment 3 reexamined the contribution of task, image, and the expertise of the model underlying this benefit. Consistent with Experiment 1, novice radiographers were better at identifying nodules when shown either a naı ¨ve's search behavior or an expert radiologist's search behavior, but they demonstrated no improvement when shown a naı ¨ve model not searching for nodules. Our results suggest that although the benefits of this form of attentional guidance may be short-lived, novices can scaffold their decisions based on the search behavior of others.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Communicative Role Of Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viewing another person's eye movements improves identification of pulmonary nodules in chest x-ray inspection.

Litchfield¹,

Ball²,

Donovan³

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

110

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, a study by Brennan and colleagues (Brennan et al, 2007) demonstrated that coagents in joint visual search space were able to distribute a common space between them by directing their attention depending on where the other was looking and that their joint search performance was thus much more efficient than their performance in an individual version of the search task.…”

Section: Joint Actions: Coordination Requirements and How To Meet Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does it feel to act together?

Pacherie

2013

Phenom Cogn Sci

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“…Embodied cues facilitate collaborative processes such as grounding, shared attention, and perspective taking and improve joint task outcomes. For instance, information on a partners' gaze direction increases task outcomes in collaborative visual search (Brennan et al 2008), referential grounding (Liu, Kay, and Chai 2011), and story comprehension (Richardson and Dale 2005). Research on collaborative work has also shown that gestures play a key role in conversational grounding and collaborative task outcomes (Fussell et al 2004;Kirk, Rodden, and Fraser 2007).…”

Section: What Key Outcomes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Embodied Cues for Dialogue with Robots

Mutlu

2011

AI Magazine

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ArticlesWINTER 2011 17 O ne of the most promising concepts that emerged in the last two decades of computer science research is embodied interaction -representing computational intelligence in and offering interaction through physical or simulated ''bodies." Such representations vary from physical artifacts (such as tangible interfaces) to biological forms (such as humanlike agents and robots) and offer templates for understanding and interacting with complex computational systems (Ullmer and Ishii 2000, Cassell 2001, Breazeal 2003. Physically embodied humanlike attributes provide particularly rich representations with which people are intimately familiar, and systems that draw on these representations promise significant social and task outcomes in key application domains from education (Kanda et al. 2004) to collaboration (Bluethmann et al. 2003) to rehabilitation (Dautenhahn and Werry 2004).Embodied interaction offers not only a familiar template for making sense of and interacting with computational systems but also an opportunity to achieve the most effective forms of human interaction for achieving positive social and task outcomes in such domains. How do the most effective teachers improve student learning? How do the most effective speakers capture their audiences? How do the most effective personal coaches motivate people to achieve their goals? Research in human communication has shown that brief observations of the bodily, facial, speech, and vocal cues that people display predict these outcomes (Ambady and Rosenthal 1992). Seemingly subtle differences in such cues of interaction partners shape outcomes such as perceptions of their attitudes (Mehrabian 1967), the persuasiveness of their messages (Segrin 1993), and their performance in collaborative work (Burgoon et al. 2002).This tight coupling between communicative cues and key social, cognitive, and task outcomes opens up a space for designing effective interactions for robots to elicit particular positive

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Coordinating cognition: The costs and benefits of shared gaze during collaborative search

Cited by 279 publications

References 21 publications

Viewing another person's eye movements improves identification of pulmonary nodules in chest x-ray inspection.

Viewing another person's eye movements improves identification of pulmonary nodules in chest x-ray inspection.

How does it feel to act together?

Designing Embodied Cues for Dialogue with Robots

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