Coordinated Cluster and ground-based instrument observations of transient changes in the magnetopause boundary layer during an interval of predominantly northward IMF: relation to reconnection pulses and FTE signatures

Lockwood, Mike; Fazakerley, A. N.; Opgenoorth, H. J.; Moen, J.; Eyken, A. P. van; Dunlop, M. W.; Bosqued, J. M.; Lu, G.; Cully, C. M.; Eglitis, P.; McCrea, I. W.; Hapgood, M. A.; Wild, M.; Stamper, R.; Denig, W. F.; Taylor, M. G. G. T.; Wild, J. A.; Provan, G.; Amm, O.; Kauristie, Kirsti; Pulkkinen, Tuija; Strømme, A.; Prikryl, P.; Pitout, F.; Balogh, A.; Rème, H.; Behlke, R.; Hansen, Truls Lynne; Greenwald, R. A.; Frey, H. U.; Morley, S. K.; Alcaydé, D.; Blelly, P.-L.; Donovan, E.; Engebretson, M. J.; Lester, M.; Watermann, J.; Marcucci, M. F.

doi:10.5194/angeo-19-1613-2001

Cited by 36 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…Owen et al, 2001;Fear et al, 2005;Zheng et al, 2005;Hasegawa et al, 2006) have been combined with a variety of groundbased instruments (e.g. Lockwood et al, 2001;Wild et al, 2001Wild et al, , 2003Wild et al, , 2007Marchaudon et al, 2004), and with other spacecraft located at the magnetopause (Dunlop et al, 2005). Statistically, the distribution of the repetition rates of pulsed ionospheric flows and poleward moving auroral forms is in agreement with the distribution of FTE occurrence at the magnetopause (McWilliams et al, 2000), although the data sets are typically restricted from the point of view of one-toone measurements.…”

Section: Q-h Zhang Et Al: Cluster and Conjugate Superdarn Observatmentioning

confidence: 66%

Simultaneous tracking of reconnected flux tubes: Cluster and conjugate SuperDARN observations on 1 April 2004

et al. 2008

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Abstract. While the Cluster spacecraft were located near the high-latitude magnetopause, between 11:30-13:00 UT on 1 April 2004, a series of medium to large scale (40 nT, 0.6-1.2 Re) FTEs were observed. During this pass, simultaneous and conjugated SuperDARN measurements are available that show a global flow pattern which is consistent with the expected (mapped) north-west motion of (predominantly subsolar) reconnected, magnetic flux at the magnetopause. We focus on analysing the local response of three FTEs, tracking their magnetopause motion via the four-spacecraft measurements together with their corresponding ground mapped motions. For two of these FTEs, where the tracking is strongly coordinated with the ionospheric flow at each footprint of the implied flux tubes in the Northern Hemisphere, conditions corresponded to stable, increasing (>100 • ) clock angle, while the third event, where the correspondence is less strong, coincided with low (<100 • ) clock angle. Flux tube motion, both measured and modeled from the inferred Xline, qualitatively matches the clear velocity enhancements in ionospheric convections with northward and westward flow at each location in the Northern Hemisphere, measured simultaneously by SuperDARN, and also roughly matches the observed, south-eastward ionospheric flow in the Southern Hemisphere at the time of these events. The time periods of these velocity enhancements infer that the evolution time of the FTEs is about 4-6 min from its origin on magnetopause to its addition to the polar cap. However, the ionospheric response time in the Southern Hemisphere might be Correspondence to: Q.-H. Zhang (zhangqinghe@pric.gov.cn) 2 min longer for the 12:31 UT FTE (and 6 min longer for the 12:51 UT FTE) than the response time in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Section: Q-h Zhang Et Al: Cluster and Conjugate Superdarn Observatmentioning

confidence: 66%

Simultaneous tracking of reconnected flux tubes: Cluster and conjugate SuperDARN observations on 1 April 2004

et al. 2008

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“…Lockwood et al (2001) concluded that a bipolar B N signature was absent when an FTE was observed near the wall of the interior cusp (B Z <0). Our observations are similar to their first "bipolar" signature; both were observed near the lip of the cusp, where B Z ≈0 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These regions were identified according to the value of τ , which is indicative of the time elapsed since the magnetic field line was reconnected. The terms "inner" and "outer" boundary layer are used in a completely different sense from the interior and exterior layers of Lockwood et al (2001) which was based on B Z , and hence position relative to the cusp in a GSE X−Y plane. Due to motion of the magnetopause as the spacecraft approach and pass the mean position of the boundary layer, the layer was encountered by each spacecraft intermittently at first and then steadily until the magnetosheath was entered (Fig.…”

Section: Magnetopause Transition Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cluster observations of high-latitude FTEs have been reported by Bosqued et al (2001), Owen et al (2001), Vontrat-Reberac et al (2003) and Thompson et al (2004). Lockwood et al (2001) presented a study of a series of transient entries into the LLBL observed by Cluster during an interval of predominantly northward IMF. These entries correlated well with IMF clock angle (arctan(B Y /B Z )) swings to near 90 • , typically from less than 60 • , and with ground-based observations of transient reconnection signatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cluster observations of bounday layer structure and a flux transfer event near the cusp

et al. 2005

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Abstract. On the 25th January 2002 between 10:00 and 12:00 UT, the four Cluster spacecraft passed through the northern high-latitude cusp, the dayside magnetosphere and into the magnetosheath in a linear formation. In the magnetosphere the PEACE electron spectrometers on the four spacecraft all observed a series of transient bursts of magnetosheath-like plasma, but without bipolar magnetic signatures in the magnetopause normal component as might be expected if the plasma had been injected by transient reconnection (flux transfer events -FTEs). Reordering the data using the magnetopause transition parameter reveals that these plasma observations, the related variations in the magnetic field and the balance of magnetic and thermal gas pressures are consistent with transient entries into a stable highlatitude boundary layer structure. However, once some of the spacecraft entered the magnetosheath, FTE signatures were observed outside the magnetopause at the same time as some of the boundary layer entries occurred at the other spacecraft inside. Thus, (a) the lack of a bipolar B N signature is inconsistent with the traditional picture of a magnetospheric FTE, and (b) the cause of the observed entry of the spacecraft into the boundary layer (pressure pulse or passing magnetosheath FTE) can only be determined by spacecraft observations in the magnetosheath.

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“…For instance FTEs have been studied with THEMIS by Wild et al (2005);Fear et al (2008); Lui et al (2008); Hasegawa et al (2010) and with Cluster by Lockwood et al (2001); Wang et al (2007). The motion of interplanetary shocks through the magnetosheath have been studied using Cluster (Keika et al, 2008(Keika et al, , 2009Pallocchia et al, 2010) and THEMIS (Zhang et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplanetary magnetic field rotations followed from L1 to the ground: the response of the Earth's magnetosphere as seen by multi-spacecraft and ground-based observations

Volwerk

Berchem²,

Bogdanova

et al. 2011

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract.A study of the interaction of solar wind magnetic field rotations with the Earth's magnetosphere is performed. For this event there is, for the first time, a full coverage over the dayside magnetosphere with multiple (multi)spacecraft missions from dawn to dusk, combined with ground magnetometers, radar and an auroral camera, this gives a unique coverage of the response of the Earth's magnetosphere. After a long period of southward IMF B z and high dynamic pressure of the solar wind, the Earth's magnetosphere is eroded and compressed and reacts quickly to the turning of the magnetic field. We use data from the solar wind monitors ACE and Wind and from magnetospheric missions Cluster, THEMIS, DoubleStar and Geotail to investigate the behaviour of the magnetic rotations as they move through the bow shock and magnetosheath. The response of the magneCorrespondence to: M. Volwerk (martin.volwerk@oeaw.ac.at) tosphere is investigated through ground magnetometers and auroral keograms. It is found that the solar wind magnetic field drapes over the magnetopause, while still co-moving with the plasma flow at the flanks. The magnetopause reacts quickly to IMF B z changes, setting up field aligned currents, poleward moving aurorae and strong ionospheric convection. Timing of the structures between the solar wind, magnetosheath and the ground shows that the advection time of the structures, using the solar wind velocity, correlates well with the timing differences between the spacecraft. The reaction time of the magnetopause and the ionospheric current systems to changes in the magnetosheath B z seem to be almost immediate, allowing for the advection of the structure measured by the spacecraft closest to the magnetopause.

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Coordinated Cluster and ground-based instrument observations of transient changes in the magnetopause boundary layer during an interval of predominantly northward IMF: relation to reconnection pulses and FTE signatures

Cited by 36 publications

References 153 publications

Simultaneous tracking of reconnected flux tubes: Cluster and conjugate SuperDARN observations on 1 April 2004

Simultaneous tracking of reconnected flux tubes: Cluster and conjugate SuperDARN observations on 1 April 2004

Cluster observations of bounday layer structure and a flux transfer event near the cusp

Interplanetary magnetic field rotations followed from L1 to the ground: the response of the Earth's magnetosphere as seen by multi-spacecraft and ground-based observations

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