Cooperative self-assembly of porphyrins with polymers possessing bioactive functions

Abstract

Natural porphyrin derivatives possess many interesting functions in biological systems. They are integrated into proteins that are essential for biological activities. Many efforts have been dedicated to mimic the microenvironment and augment the function of porphyrin/protein scaffolds. To achieve such goals, self-assembly has become one of the popular methods to construct porphyrin/protein-mimicking materials owing to its various choices of building blocks and a simple preparation process over chemical modification. Desirable characteristics of building blocks for protein mimicking include high molecular weight, predictable conformations in solution, and appropriate functional residuals. With these aims in mind, polymers are ideal candidates due to their multiple-level hierarchies derived from their chemical and spatial structures. In this review, design strategies for the cooperative self-assembly of porphyrins with polymers and the main efforts towards the implementation of porphyrin/polymer assembly for biomimetic composites with bioactive functions will be addressed.

Water-dispersible glycosylated poly (2,5’-thienylene)porphyrin-based nanoparticles for antibacterial photodynamic therapy

“…Another strategy is to convert directly the hydrophobic porphyrin derivatives into water dispersible nanostructures. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] This approach is especially highly attractive because photosensitizers which are ionic and carry charges usually exhibit dark toxicity and are effective on Gram positive bacteria but not on Gram negative bacteria. 35 A number of porphyrin-based nanostructures have been reported, however, they usually have a limited dye-loading content and as a result, low singlet-oxygen production efficiency as a photosensitizer.…”

Enhanced room temperature phosphorescence of palladium‐porphyrin by dual‐ordered structure of micelle‐hybridized supramolecular gels

“…Palladium complex with a porphyrin ligand (usually so‐called palladium‐porphyrin) is a typical organometallic compound. As a phosphor, palladium‐porphyrin exhibits excellent photo‐stability and near infrared emission . Therefore, palladium‐porphyrin recently receives much attention in the field of RTP research .…”

“…As a phosphor, palladium-porphyrin exhibits excellent photo-stability and near infrared emission. [23][24][25] Therefore, palladium-porphyrin recently receives much attention in the field of RTP research. [26,27] The RTP of palladium-porphyrin was reported to be useful in immune-labeling tumor diagnosis, [28,29] determination of DNA [30,31] and oxygen sensors.…”

Zinc porphyrin/fullerene/block copolymer micelle for enhanced electron transfer ability and stability

“…Similar to the protective environment created by proteins in the case of natural photosynthetic systems, the micellar hydrophobic core can offer pigments protection from demetallation and photodegradation. 38,39 Inspired by the structures of antenna-reaction centers in photosynthesis and in connection with our ongoing research programs on cooperative macromolecular self-assembly toward polymeric assemblies, 40,41 we envision that micelles seem to be the most suitable and realistic platform to realize the photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes. Herein, we fabricated the complex micelle consist of PEG-b-PLys, ZnTPPS and mC 60 in aqueous solution, which formed a proteins-like micelle with electron transfer activity, as shown in Scheme 1.…”