Cooperative influence of D2EHPA and TBP on the reactive extraction of cobalt from sulfuric acid leach solution in a horizontal semi-industrial column

Amani, Pouria; Asadi, Javad; Mohammadi, Elham; Akhgar, Sahar; Esmaili, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2017.08.044

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Our group has conducted experiments to extract lithium from the Dieng Geothermal field by solvent extraction. D2EHPA was used as an extractant and combined with TBP as a modifier to prevent the formation of the third phase during the extraction process [39]. The first step of the experiment was removing the divalent cations (Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ ,) and SiO2 ions from the geothermal brine by precipitation.…”

Section: Lithium Extraction Methods For Indonesian Geothermal Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Extraction Method from Geothermal Brine to Find Suitable Method for Geothermal Fields in Indonesia: A Review

Suud

Suryantini²,

Mubarok³

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Lithium has become an essential metal for modern industries. Specifically, the growth of battery-based electric vehicles will demand much more lithium shortly. Many studies have been conducted to find the sources of lithium; one of them is geothermal brine. Indonesia has enormous geothermal resources; some fields have lithium content that can potentially be extracted. Various methods in the extraction process of lithium from the geothermal brine have been developed, both on laboratory and pilot projects. Conventionally, solar evaporation has been used to concentrate lithium from brine, but it takes a long time and depends on the weather. Thus, a more rapid and selective process is desired to fulfill the market demand and avoid weather constraints. This paper reviews the lithium extraction from the geothermal brine by direct extraction methods using solvent extraction, adsorption and ion exchange, membrane, and electrodialysis. The study is based on a desktop study and aims to summarize the knowledge, method, technology, and techniques of lithium extraction from geothermal brine that has already been used and to find out which extraction method is suitable for the Indonesian geothermal field. Multiple-stages solvent extraction from geothermal brine well X in Dieng performed by the authors demonstrated a lithium extraction efficiency of 94% and indicated an opportunity to be further investigated to extract lithium from the Dieng geothermal brine.

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Section: Lithium Extraction Methods For Indonesian Geothermal Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Extraction Method from Geothermal Brine to Find Suitable Method for Geothermal Fields in Indonesia: A Review

Suud

Suryantini²,

Mubarok³

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…A proper amount of TBP would act as a synergistic reagent in the mixture of D2EHPA, TBP, and metals to increase the extraction efficiency of metal ions, and this reaction can be described as Eq. 2 (Hano et al, 1992;Amani et al, 2017). MR X (HR) + TBP ↔ MR (x−1) HR(TBP) + HR…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Silicate Ions on the Separation of Lithium From Geothermal Fluid

Lee

Chung

2022

Front. Chem. Eng.

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In an enhanced geothermal system (EGS), geothermal energy in rocks with insufficient permeability or fluid saturation can be used by creating artificial geothermal reservoirs. Generally, EGS geothermal fluid contains high concentrations of total dissolved solids that originated from various geochemical reactions between the fluid in the reservoir and the minerals in the rock. For example, the concentration of lithium ions are measured approximately 150 mg/L, and several researchers have focused on the recovery of lithium in the geothermal fluid using various methods, one of which is liquid extraction. Solvent extraction has been used to recover lithium from various sources, and successful recovery efficiency have been attained. However, the geothermal fluid in EGS reservoirs contains high concentrations of SiO2, which might inhibit the selective recovery of lithium. Thus, in this study, two consecutive stages of solvent extraction were used to separate the lithium from the geothermal fluid that contained different concentrations of SiO2 ions. The divalent ions were removed in the first stage, and the lithium ions were extracted effectively in the second stage. The SiO2 inhibits the selective recovery of lithium in the first stage to a greater extent than it does in the second stage. The spectroscopy data shows a decrease of the organic solvents main functional group (P=O & P-O-H) absorbance that reacts with the metal ions of the geothermal water after extraction however the intensity difference was reduced as the SiO2 concentrations increases. Silicate ions can be problematic due to the formation of scaling in EGSs, so controlling its concentration in the geothermal reservoir would be beneficial for the long-term operation of EGSs and for the successful recovery of valuable metal resources from EGS reservoirs.

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“…TBP has been discovered to control third-phase formation, as a phase modifier. D2EHPA-TBP has been proven for the improved extraction of several metal cations, such as Cu(II) [ 15 , 16 ], Co(II) [ 17 , 18 ], Fe(III) [ 19 ], Ni(II) [ 20 ], Zn(II) [ 21 ]. There is no literature traceable regarding the extraction of Cd(II) using the combination of Aliquat 336 and TBP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization for Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Ionic Liquid Aliquat 336 with Tributyl Phosphate

Lee

Morad

Ismail

et al. 2020

IJMS

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This study investigates the separation of two heavy metals, Cd(II) and Cu(II), from the mixed synthetic feed using a liquid-liquid extraction. The current study uses tri-octyl methylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) as the extractant (with tributyl phosphate (TBP) as a phase modifier), diluted in toluene, in order to investigate the selective extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) ions. We investigate the use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a masking agent for Cu(II), when added in aqueous feed, for the selective extraction of Cd(II). Five factors that influence the selective extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) (the equilibrium pH (pHeq), Aliquat 336 concentration (Aliquat 336), TBP concentration (TBP), EDTA concentration (EDTA), and organic to aqueous ratio (O:A)) were analyzed. Results from a 25–1 fractional factorial design show that Aliquat 336 significantly influenced Cd(II) extraction, whereas EDTA was statistically significant for the antagonistic effect on the E% of Cu(II) in the same system. Moreover, results from optimization experiment showed that the optimum conditions are Aliquat 336 concentration of 99.64 mM and EDTA concentration of 48.86 mM—where 95.89% of Cd(II) was extracted with the least extracted Cu(II) of 0.59%. A second-order model was fitted for optimization of Cd(II) extraction with a R2 value of 0.998, and ANOVA results revealed that the model adequately fitted the data at a 5% significance level. Interaction between Aliquat 336 and Cd(II) has been proven via FTIR qualitative analysis, whereas the addition of TBP does not affect the extraction mechanism.

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Cooperative influence of D2EHPA and TBP on the reactive extraction of cobalt from sulfuric acid leach solution in a horizontal semi-industrial column

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Lithium Extraction Method from Geothermal Brine to Find Suitable Method for Geothermal Fields in Indonesia: A Review

Lithium Extraction Method from Geothermal Brine to Find Suitable Method for Geothermal Fields in Indonesia: A Review

The Effect of Silicate Ions on the Separation of Lithium From Geothermal Fluid

Optimization for Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Ionic Liquid Aliquat 336 with Tributyl Phosphate

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