Cooperative breeding and demography of Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata in Brazil

Beier, Christian; Repenning, Márcio; Pereira, Mauricio da Silveira; Pereira, André S.; Fontana, Carla Suertegaray

doi:10.1007/bf03544371

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For these latitudes, the only nesting record for the species dates from 1995 (compiled by de la Peña 2016), where an active nest with three eggs in November was report. Unlike what has been recently published for the species (Beier et al 2017, Beier & Fontana 2019, l l we did not observe breeding attempts with helpers contributing on the nest defence or the nestling/fledgling provisioning. Similarly, although Shiny Cowbirds are common in the area (L. Segura, pers.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…We found a total of eight nests (two for one female, two for another and four for another). One nest was found under This contribution adds to the few existing breeding studies on the species (Domínguez et al 2015a& b, de l l la Peña 2016, Beier et al 2017, Beier & Fontana 2019, l l finding a new problem for the species caused by the low proportion of males (see Pessino & Tittarelli 2006) that may force them to incur a polygynous system in which they have less reproductive success. These results mean that greater control by government authorities to prevent illegal trapping is essential and must be implemented soon.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We calculated the apparent nest success as the ratio between the number of successful nests and all monitored nests (Segura et al 2015). We delimited the breeding territory l l as the maximum area that the male defended, where it nested and where the family group was observed feeding (see Beier et al 2017). To locate the territory and nests in l l a map, we used an image from Google Earth (02 January 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lack of males due to illegal trapping is causing polygyny in the globally endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata

Segura

Perelló

Gress³

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Ornitol.

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We present breeding data from the southernmost populations of the globally “Endangered” Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata in Argentina, confirming the presence of current breeding populations in the region. We monitored a family group in a nesting territory composed of one male and three females throughout the breeding season 2017–2018. We found a low nest success and productivity, probably associated with the lower contribution of the male, since it was attending three reproductive females simultaneously. We attribute this uncommon case of polygyny to the lack of males in the area caused by the high intensity of male trapping for illegal trade.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lack of males due to illegal trapping is causing polygyny in the globally endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata

Segura

Perelló

Gress³

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Ornitol.

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“…Currently, the occurrence of the species in Paraguay is considered insufficiently documented (del Castillo and Clay 2004) and observed individuals are suspected escapees from captivity (Hayes 1995). Uruguay hosts approximately 300 individuals (Aspiroz et al 2012), while < 50 individuals were observed in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Beier et al 2017). At present, the largest natural populations of Yellow Cardinals are found in Argentina (BirdLife International 2018b) but its distribution is believed to be highly discontinuous, with few areas where the species is present separated by areas with scarce or no records (Zelaya and Bertonatti 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A citizen science survey discloses the current distribution of the endangered Yellow CardinalGubernatrix cristatain Argentina

Domínguez

Lapido²,

Gorrindo³

et al. 2020

Bird Conservation International

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Summary The Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata is a globally endangered passerine from the southern cone of South America. Because of its conspicuous plumage and very attractive song, it suffers considerably from illegal pet trade. The largest remaining populations are found in Argentina, but no coordinated efforts have been made thus far to understand better its current distribution and conservation status. During three annual surveys supported by a citizen science programme, more than 140 volunteers surveyed 644 geographical points during spring and detected 221 Yellow Cardinals. Based on the survey results, we evaluated the presence of cardinals within protected areas in Argentina and found that the species was only detected in four of them, two of which were private reserves with a low level of protection. We also found that the species was not restricted to the ‘Espinal’ ecoregion, but also inhabited ‘Monte’ and ‘Chaco’ ecoregions, which are generally drier. This citizen science programme allowed us to obtain up-to-date information on the remaining populations of the Yellow Cardinal and helped to increase public awareness about the conservation problems faced by the species. We propose some future strategies for monitoring Yellow Cardinals and taking informed conservation decisions.

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“…Historical records are concentrated in southern and western Rio Grande do Sul state (Bencke et al 2003). Nowadays, there is at least one established resident population in the Rio Grande do Sul with less than 50 individuals (Martins-Ferreira et al 2013, Beier et al 2017. Bird trapping and habitat loss led to a drastic population decline of the Yellow Cardinal in all its range (Dias 2008, Ridgely & Tudor 2009, Azpiroz et al 2012, Martins-Ferreira et al 2013.Studies of breeding biology and life-history comparisons between populations enable early identification of threats, even before any evident population decline occur (Martin & Geupel 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Breeding biology of the endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata in Brazil

Beier

Fontana

2019

Rev. Bras. Ornitol.

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The Yellow Cardinal, Gubernatrix cristata, has a small geographic range in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. We studied the natural history of the only known Brazilian population of this “Endangered” species (∼50 individuals), which is socially monogamous and may breed cooperatively. During two breeding seasons (October to February 2013–2015), we monitored nests and described the main breeding traits. The breeding season started from the first week of October, with a peak of active nests in mid-November and lasted until mid-February. We found 32 nests, of which 30 were monitored. Female built the open-cup nests in six days (n = 1). All nests were built on Prosopis trees, on average at 2.4 m from the ground. Modal clutch size was three eggs (n = 19), and female incubated for 13 days on average (n = 7). Hatching rate was 76% and nestlings fledged after 16 days (n = 6). Nestling survival rate was 67% with mean productivity of 1.6 fledglings/successful nest. Shiny Cowbird, Molothrus bonariensis, parasitized nests of the Yellow Cardinal, with a frequency of 67% and intensity of 1.9 egg per parasitized nest (1–4 eggs; n = 13). Parasitism in nestlings by botfly larvae (Philornis sp.) occurred in 33% of nests with nestlings. Nest predation was the main cause of nest losses (73%) and we recorded a Geoffroy’s Cat, Leopardus geoffroyi, preying on a nest with eggs. The probability of success using the Program MARK was 13%. Fledgling survival rate during the first month outside the nest was 62% (8/13 fledglings). We found a longer breeding season, occurrence of second broods, and higher rates but fewer nest losses due to brood parasitism in comparison to the Argentinian population. We highlight the importance of natural history studies for the conservation of different populations of the same species.

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Cooperative breeding and demography of Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata in Brazil

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

The lack of males due to illegal trapping is causing polygyny in the globally endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata

The lack of males due to illegal trapping is causing polygyny in the globally endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata

A citizen science survey discloses the current distribution of the endangered Yellow CardinalGubernatrix cristatain Argentina

Breeding biology of the endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata in Brazil

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