Cooling kinetics experiments on different Stromboli lavas: Effects on crystal morphologies and phases composition

Conte, Aida Maria; Perinelli, Cristina; Trigila, R.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.03.025

Cited by 55 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, the difference at cooling rates under 80°C/min was not significant as there was still time for the crystals to nucleate and grow. Generally speaking, the crystal size under slow cooling conditions is larger than that under rapid cooling [32][33][34]. As the cooling rate increased, insufficient time for crystal growth and the increasing viscosity lowered the diffusion of ions.…”

Section: Continuous Cooling Conditions and Cct Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of isothermal temperature and cooling rates on crystallization characteristics of a synthetic coal slag

Wang

Whitty

Guan

et al. 2014

Fuel

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Section: Continuous Cooling Conditions and Cct Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of isothermal temperature and cooling rates on crystallization characteristics of a synthetic coal slag

Wang

Whitty

Guan

et al. 2014

Fuel

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“…-5 mm/s (Conte et al 2006;Orlando et al 2008;Agostini et al 2013;Shea and Hammer 2013), with experiments carried out on an anhydrous trachybasalt from Etna at low degrees of undercooling probably representing the most relevant growth rates for the Laki system (G ~ 0.5 × 10 -7 mm/s; Orlando et al 2008). These growth rates are also broadly consistent with experiments carried out on a hydrous high-K basalt from Stromboli at low degrees of undercooling (G ~10 -7 mm/s as a range of feasible growth rates, we estimate that plagioclase microcrysts in LAK18 and LAK09 crystallized over 2-20 days.…”

Section: Timescales Of Mush Disaggregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous mush disaggregation during the long-lasting Laki fissure eruption, Iceland

Neave

Buisman

Maclennan

2017

American Mineralogist

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Plagioclase textures were investigated in the products of the voluminous 1783-1784 CE Laki eruption from the Eastern Volcanic Zone (EVZ) of Iceland to establish whether mush disaggregation occurred solely at the onset of the eight-month eruption or throughout its whole duration. Phase proportions and plagioclase size distributions were determined using standard optical and manual techniques as well as automated approaches based on Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by SCANing electron microscopy (QEMSCAN). Based on optical microscopy and the explicit combination of textural and compositional information in QEMSCAN images, plagioclase crystals were divided into two populations: small (<0.5 mm long), high-aspect ratio (length/width >4) microcrysts with low-anorthite (0.5 mm long), low-aspect ratio (length/width = 2-3) macrocrysts with high-anorthite (An 84 -An 92 ) cores. Small microcrysts grew from their carrier liquid during the final phase of pre-eruptive crystallization while large macrocrysts, which are out of geochemical equilibrium with their carrier liquids, were entrained from crystal mushes. Changes in phase proportions and plagioclase size distributions between eruptive episodes demonstrate that macrocryst entrainment efficiency varied substantially during the eruption; material erupted in later episodes contain proportionally more mush-derived material. Using stereologically corrected plagioclase size distributions, we estimate that the pre-eruptive residence times of microcrysts in the Laki carrier liquid were probably of the order of 2-20 days. Because microcryst crystallization was concurrent with macrocryst rim growth, these day-to-week residence times also indicate that macrocryst entrainment occurred on much shorter timescales than the eruption's eight-month duration. In line with constraints from independent geochronometers, macrocryst entrainment and mush disaggregation thus appears to have continued throughout the eruption. Magmas were assembled on an episode by episode basis, and the volume of eruptible magma in the plumbing system at any given time was probably closer to 1-2 km 3 than the final erupted volume of 15.1 km 3 .

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“…To constrain the compositions of liquids in equilibrium with the different clinopyroxene compositions, the XFe*/XMg ratio (with Fe* = Fe 2+ as total iron) was calculated for Kd FeÀMg cpx=liq defined as X Fe cpx =X Mg cpx = X Fe liq = À h X Mg liq Þ; considering all iron as Fe 2þ ranging from 0.22 to 0.24, as suggested by experimental studies on shoshonitic products from Stromboli (Conte et al 2006) (Fig. 8).…”

Section: Evolution Of Lp Glassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spatter-forming, large-scale paroxysm at Stromboli Volcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy): insight into magma evolution and eruption dynamics

Felice

Landi

2011

Bull Volcanol

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This study focuses on a pyroclastic sequence related to a large-scale paroxysm that occurred during the seventeenth century AD and which can be considered one of the most powerful and hazardous explosive events at the volcano in the past few centuries. Paroxysms are energetic, short-lived explosions which sporadically interrupt normal Strombolian activity at Stromboli and commonly erupt a deep-derived, volatile-rich crystal-poor high-potassium basalt ("low porphyricity" (LP)), together with a shallow, degassed crystal-rich high-potassium to shoshonitic basalt ("high porphyricity" (HP)), which feed normal activity at the volcano. The studied deposit, crops out along the flanks of Sciara del Fuoco and, from base to top, consists of: (1) a layer of HP and LP ash and lapilli; (2) an unwelded layer of coarse HP lapilli and flattened dark scoriae; (3) weakly welded spatter made up of dense HP pyroclasts at the base, overlain by strongly vesicular LP clasts. The textural and chemical zoning of minerals and the glass chemistry of the LP products record repeated mafic recharge events, mixing with an old mushy body and episodes of rapid crystallization due to sudden degassing. Collapse of a foam layer originated by deep degassing probably triggered this large-scale, spatter-forming paroxysm. Decompression induced rapid degassing and vesiculation of the deep volatile-rich magma. The rapid ascent of the foamy magma blob pushed the shallow HP magma out and finally produced a fire fountain that emplaced the LP portion of the spatter.

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Cooling kinetics experiments on different Stromboli lavas: Effects on crystal morphologies and phases composition

Cited by 55 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of isothermal temperature and cooling rates on crystallization characteristics of a synthetic coal slag

Influence of isothermal temperature and cooling rates on crystallization characteristics of a synthetic coal slag

Continuous mush disaggregation during the long-lasting Laki fissure eruption, Iceland

A spatter-forming, large-scale paroxysm at Stromboli Volcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy): insight into magma evolution and eruption dynamics

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