Cooling efficiency improvement of air-cooled battery thermal management system through designing the flow pattern

Chen, Kai; Wu, Weixiong; Fang, Yuan; Chen, Lin; Wang, Shuangfeng

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.011

Cited by 251 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Many of the studies performed infer certain crucial points and two such major concepts demonstrated were: first, Hong et al 17 states that temperature rise and difference were independent of the inlet air temperature; second, a cell designed by Gou et al 18 shows a significant increase in thermal performance concerning air cooling measure. Undoubtedly, inlet and outlet parameters such as air inlet area, air outlet area, and air inlet velocity affect the cooling performance and this concept was also supported by the study made by Chen et al 19 Panchal et al 20 talks about the importance of precise thermophysical property input, which is possible only after proper thermal study of the battery, for an accurate thermal modeling. Al-Zareer et al 21 states that increment in the spacing between the cells results in reduction of maximum temperature difference (MT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Study on effect of diverse air inlet arrangement on thermal management of cylindrical lithium‐ion cells

et al. 2020

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Lithium-ion cells are preferred in the electrical powertrain due to high-power density, compactness, and modularity. In real driving conditions, the cells undergo discharge rates as high as 4 C resulting in high heat generation affecting the performance. To obtain the maximum performance the pack construction and thermal management of cells are crucial parameters. In our work, air-cooled technique with diverse air inlet and staggered scheme with a two-channel partition approach for thermal management of the cylindrical lithium-ion cells are studied in computational fluid dynamics. The simulation model is validated with experimental results. The obtained results demonstrate that the cells in the dual-directional air inlet arrangement had low maximum temperature difference among and within the cells and required least fan work. This arrangement required least fan work to generate optimal air inlet velocity of 2 m/s for 1, 2, and 3 C and 4 m/s for 4 C discharge rates. There is a reduction of 50% and 33% fan work for 3 and 4 C discharge rates, which are the majority operating points. Also, it shows that the temperature uniformity within the cells has improved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Study on effect of diverse air inlet arrangement on thermal management of cylindrical lithium‐ion cells

et al. 2020

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“…η w , η t , and c p,w are the molecular viscosity, turbulent viscosity and specific heat capacity of the cooling water, respectively. C 1 , C 2 , C μ , σ k , σ ε , and σ T are k ‐ ε model parameters, valued as 1.44, 1.92, 0.09, 1.00, 1.30, and 0.85, respectively …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C 1 , C 2 , C μ , σ k , σ ε , and σ T are k-ε model parameters, valued as 1.44, 1.92, 0.09, 1.00, 1.30, and 0.85, respectively. 31 The maximum temperature (T max ) and maximum temperature difference (ΔT max ) of the heating surface and energy consumption (W p ) of the cold plate are the main variables to evaluate the system performance. ΔT max and W p are, respectively, calculated by…”

Section: Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐parameter structure design of parallel mini‐channel cold plate for battery thermal management

Chen

Song

et al. 2020

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Battery thermal management system is critical to ensure the temperature of the battery pack in electric vehicles within a suitable range. In this study, the battery pack is cooled by the parallel mini‐channel cold plate (PMCP). The performance of the PMCPs with I‐type (PMCP I), Z‐type (PMCP Z), and U‐type flows (PMCP U) are studied using numerical method. Then, the edge width and convergence channel width of the three systems are designed. The cooling performance of the PMCPs is effectively improved after the structure design. Subsequently, the symmetrical system is constructed based on each PMCP. The numerical results show that the symmetrical systems achieve lower maximum temperature, smaller maximum temperature difference, and lower energy consumption. Among the three systems, the performance of the symmetrical PMCPs I and Z is similar and better than that of the symmetrical PMCP U. Finally, the dimensionless analysis is performed to explore the influences of various parameters on the final designed cold plate. The results indicate that the inlet cooling water temperature and heat flux density applied to the cold plate do not affect the structure of the final designed system. Moreover, the designed systems have good performance under different mass flow rates. Highlights PMCPs with different flow patterns are applied in BTMS. Performance of PMCPs is improved through multi‐parameter structure design. The symmetrical systems are constructed for performance improvement. T0 and q0 do not affect the structure of the designed PMCP. ΔTmax and WP of designed PMCP are respectively reduced by at least 19% and 61%.

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“…The highest temperature and maximum temperature difference are the two main indicators for evaluating the cooling efficiency of battery thermal management system. Flow field and the temperature field can be calculated using CFD method . The energy conservation equation of the battery cell is given as follows:

ρ_{b} C_{b} \frac{\partial T_{b}}{\partial t} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} ((), k_{x} \frac{\partial T_{b}}{\partial x}) + \frac{\partial}{\partial y} ((), k_{y} \frac{\partial T_{b}}{\partial y}) + \frac{\partial}{\partial z} ((), k_{z} \frac{\partial T_{b}}{\partial z}) + Q,

where ρ b and C b mean the density and specific heat of the battery, k x , k y , k z , respectively, represent the thermal conductivity of the battery in the X , Y , Z directions.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat dissipation analysis of different flow path for parallel liquid cooling battery thermal management system

Yang

et al. 2020

Int J Energy Res

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As the main form of energy storage for new energy automobile, the performance of lithium-ion battery directly restricts the power, economy, and safety of new energy automobile. The heat-related problem of the battery is a key factor in determining its performance, safety, longevity, and cost. In this paper, parallel liquid cooling battery thermal management system with different flow path is designed through changing the position of the coolant inlet and outlet, and the influence of flow path on heat dissipation performance of battery thermal management system is studied. The results and analysis show that when the inlet and the outlet are located in the middle of the first collecting main and the second collecting main, respectively; system can achieve best heat dissipation performance, the highest temperature decrease by 0.49 C, while the maximum temperature difference of system decreases by 0.52 C compared with typical Z-type BTMS under the discharge rate of 1 C. Then an optimization strategy is put forward to improve cooling efficiency compared with single-inlet and single-outlet symmetrical liquid cooling BTMS; the highest temperature of three-inlet and three-outlet is 27.98 C while the maximum temperature difference of three-inlet and three-outlet is 2.69 C, decrease by 0.7 and 0.67 C, respectively. K E Y W O R D Sflow path, heat dissipation performance, optimization strategy, parallel liquid cooling plate, thermal management system

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Cooling efficiency improvement of air-cooled battery thermal management system through designing the flow pattern

Cited by 251 publications

References 29 publications

Study on effect of diverse air inlet arrangement on thermal management of cylindrical lithium‐ion cells

Study on effect of diverse air inlet arrangement on thermal management of cylindrical lithium‐ion cells

Multi‐parameter structure design of parallel mini‐channel cold plate for battery thermal management

Heat dissipation analysis of different flow path for parallel liquid cooling battery thermal management system

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