Conversion from Diagnostic Laparoscopy to Laparotomy: Risk Factors and Occurrence

Abstract

A conversion rate of 21% was found in this population of dogs and cats undergoing laparoscopic diagnostic procedures. A preoperative finding of a solitary liver tumor, low total solids, and diagnosis of malignancy were all significant risk factors for conversion.

Minilaparoscopic ovariohysterectomy in healthy cats

“…The conversion of laparoscopic surgery due to hemorrhage has also been described in humans (FANFANI et al, 2012). In small animal laparoscopy, BUOTE et al (2011) have reported a conversion rate of 21%, which is different from that observed in this study (6.7%).…”

Comparison of Surgical Variables and Pain in Cats Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy, Laparoscopic-Assisted Ovariohysterectomy, and Laparoscopic Ovariectomy

“…[1][2][3][4] Elective ovariohysterectomy and ovariectomy are common surgical procedures performed in general veterinary practice. Laparoscopic ovariectomy (LOVE) and laparoscopicassisted ovariohysterectomy (LAOVH) are routinely performed for the sterilization of dogs in veterinary medicine.…”

Diagnostic quality of percutaneous fine-needle aspirates and laparoscopic biopsy specimens of the liver in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

“…Vacuolar hepatopathy was the most frequent misdiagnosis via cytologic evaluation in cats. Results of a retrospective study 6 of 94 diagnostic laparoscopies in dogs and cats showed that of 20 conversions, 13 (65%) were elective and 7 (35%) were emergent. 1 Results of another comparative retrospective study 3 including 56 dogs and cats showed that complete agreement between cytologic and histologic evaluation occurred in only 34 of 56 (61%) animals.…”

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8] Cytologic evaluation of fine-needle aspirates can be a useful diagnostic tool and is commonly used to evaluate the liver. 2,6 Liver biopsy is an integral diagnostic component for characterization and management of hepatobiliary disease in dogs. However, in dogs and cats with clinical evidence of liver disease, fine-needle aspiration for cytologic examination of liver aspirates has major limitations in certain cases, including failure Diagnostic quality of percutaneous fine-needle aspirates and laparoscopic biopsy specimens of the liver in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) to identify the primary disease process and inability to provide information on tissue architecture.…”

“…1,9 As in human medicine, minimally invasive diagnostic laparoscopy has become more common in veterinary surgery. 6,11,12 Adequate quality of a liver biopsy specimen is essential for adequate interpretation of ongoing or existing disease processes. 2,6 Liver biopsy is an integral diagnostic component for characterization and management of hepatobiliary disease in dogs.…”