Conversion Characteristics of Some Major Cannabinoids from Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Raw Materials by New Rapid Simultaneous Analysis Method

Abstract

This study was carried out to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography method for short-time analysis of the main cannabinoids in the inflorescence of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). We also performed decarboxylation of the raw material using our advanced analysis technique. In this study, the UV spectrum was considered to analyze each of the four common cannabinoids, solvents, and samples, where the uniform elution of acidic cannabinoids without peak tailing and acids was tested. Optimal results were obtained when readings were taken at a wavelength of 220 nm using water and methanol containing trifluoroacetic acid as mobile phases in a solvent gradient system. The established conditions were further validated by system suitability, linearity, precision, detection limit, and quantitation limit tests. The decarboxylation index (DT50) confirmed that Δ9-THCA decarboxylated faster than CBDA, and both maintained a linear relationship with time and temperature. In addition, the loss of cannabidiol was better prevented during the decarboxylation process in the natural state than in the extracted state.

Impact of Harvest Time and Pruning Technique on Total CBD Concentration and Yield of Medicinal Cannabis

“…Plants might have a maximum cannabinoid production capacity [ 49 ], so lower concentrations on later harvest may be due to dilution effects of cannabinoid contents in relation to inflorescence biomass. The significant increase of CBD concentrations in the later HTs infers that time increases exposure of phytocannabinoids to oxidation and decarboxylation processes in the trichomes [ 50 , 51 ]. On the other hand, sample preparation was successful in maintaining phytocannabinoids in their acidic form, as naturally synthetized by the plant.…”

Cannabinoids—Characteristics and Potential for Use in Food Production

“…Brewing the hemp teas at 70 • C (15 min/150 mL) slightly increased the CBN content to 65 mg/kg compared to the initial value of 52 mg/kg. Ryu et al [158] compared the loss of neutral cannabinoids in hemp inflorescences with the loss of cannabinoids obtained from their extracts when heated at a maximum of 135 • C for 30 min. In all cases, the content of CBD and ∆9-THC increased, but in the case of hemp inflorescences, the content of neutral cannabinoids increased with time and did not decrease after 30 min.…”

Cannabinoids Accumulation in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Plants under LED Light Spectra and Their Discrete Role as a Stress Marker

“…Hemp is an annual herb belongs to the Cannabaceae family has been exploited for medicinal purposes for more than 10,000 years [ 36 ]. Living hemp plants contain cannabinoids as carboxylic acid like THCA and CBDA that decarboxylate during storage and heating transform to neutral cannabinoids such as THC and CBD [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”