CONVERGENT EVOLUTION OF EMBRYONIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE EASTERN FENCE LIZARD (<i>SCELOPORUS UNDULATUS</i>)

Oufiero, Christopher E.; Angilletta, Michael J.

doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01183.x

Cited by 56 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Qualls and Shine, 1998;Dadour et al, 2001;Ashmore and Janzen, 2003;Niehaus et al, 2006;Oufiero and Angilletta, 2006). Still, much of our knowledge about thermal plasticity comes from experiments involving constant temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the physiological performance of ectotherms in fluctuating thermal environments

Niehaus

Angilletta

Sears

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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223

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SUMMARYPhysiological ecologists have long sought to understand the plasticity of organisms in environments that vary widely among years, seasons and even hours. This is now even more important because human-induced climate change is predicted to affect both the mean and variability of the thermal environment. Although environmental change occurs ubiquitously, relatively few researchers have studied the effects of fluctuating environments on the performance of developing organisms. Even fewer have tried to validate a framework for predicting performance in fluctuating environments. Here, we determined whether reaction norms based on performance at constant temperatures (18, 22, 26, 30 and 34°C) could be used to predict embryonic and larval performance of anurans at fluctuating temperatures (18-28°C and 18-34°C). Based on existing theory, we generated hypotheses about the effects of stress and acclimation on the predictability of performance in variable environments. Our empirical models poorly predicted the performance of striped marsh frogs (Limnodynastes peronii) at fluctuating temperatures, suggesting that extrapolation from studies conducted under artificial thermal conditions would lead to erroneous conclusions. During the majority of ontogenetic stages, growth and development in variable environments proceeded more rapidly than expected, suggesting that acute exposures to extreme temperatures enable greater performance than do chronic exposures. Consistent with theory, we predicted performance more accurately for the less variable thermal environment. Our results underscore the need to measure physiological performance under naturalistic thermal conditions when testing hypotheses about thermal plasticity or when parameterizing models of life-history evolution. Supplementary material available online at

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the physiological performance of ectotherms in fluctuating thermal environments

Niehaus

Angilletta

Sears

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

Self Cite

223

206

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“…Oviposition was induced with an intracoelomic injection of Ϸ0.5·ml of oxytocin (20·USP; The Butler Company, Columbus, OH, USA). Although this procedure probably reduced the initial stage of development for some embryos (Parker et al, 2004), we have no reason to believe that hormonal induction would have affected mean developmental stage more in one population than the other (see Oufiero and Angilletta, 2006). After induction, each lizard was placed in a plastic container (4·liters) with a substrate of moist sand.…”

Section: Acquisition Of Eggsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some species, mothers in colder environments provision their embryos with larger supplies of energy (Angilletta et al, 2006b;Atkinson et al, 2001). By manipulating the energy available to embryos, we can isolate the effects of maternal energy allocation and embryonic growth efficiency (Oufiero and Angilletta, 2006). Embryos could grow more efficiently by assimilating yolk more rapidly or by reducing costs of growth and maintenance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Embryos could grow more efficiently by assimilating yolk more rapidly or by reducing costs of growth and maintenance. Either strategy would enhance fitness in a cold environment, where the poor potential for thermoregulation and activity limits growth after hatching (see Oufiero and Angilletta, 2006). Still, both strategies should impose an energetic tradeoff that could negatively impact the survival of the embryo or its performance after hatching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Oufiero and Angilletta discovered that S. undulatus has evolved countergradient variation at least twice along latitudinal clines (Oufiero and Angilletta, 2006). Although embryos from colder environments generally have more yolk (Angilletta et al, 2006b), countergradient variation persisted after controlling for differences in egg size between populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid assimilation of yolk enhances growth and development of lizard embryos from a cold environment

Storm

Angilletta

2007

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Selection for rapid growth and development in cold environments results in a geographic pattern known as countergradient variation. The eastern fence lizard, Sceloporus undulatus, exhibits countergradient variation in embryonic growth and development along latitudinal clines. To identify the proximate causes of countergradient variation, we compared the energy budgets of embryos from a cold environment (Virginia) and a warm environment (South Carolina) during development at a realistic thermal cycle. The difference in mean egg size between populations was controlled by removing yolk from large eggs and performing a sham manipulation on other eggs. Respiration was measured every 4 days throughout 48 days of incubation. After this period,eggs were dissected and the energy contents of embryos and yolk were determined by calorimetry. As expected from previous experiments, embryos from Virginia reached a more advanced stage of development and deposited more energy within tissues than embryos from South Carolina. The greater absorption of yolk by embryos from Virginia was associated with a higher rate of respiration. Assimilation of yolk by rapidly growing embryos could reduce growth or survival after hatching. Such costs might explain the maintenance of countergradient variation in S. undulatus.

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Thermal sensitivity of lizard embryos indicates a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand at near‐lethal temperatures

Hall

Warner

2020

J Exp Zool Pt A

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Aspects of global change create stressful thermal environments that threaten biodiversity. Oviparous, non‐avian reptiles have received considerable attention because eggs are left to develop under prevailing conditions, leaving developing embryos vulnerable to increases in temperature. Though many studies assess embryo responses to long‐term (i.e., chronic), constant incubation temperatures, few assess responses to acute exposures which are more relevant for many species. We subjected brown anole (Anolis sagrei) eggs to heat shocks, thermal ramps, and extreme diurnal fluctuations to determine the lethal temperature of embryos, measure the thermal sensitivity of embryo heart rate and metabolism, and quantify the effects of sublethal but stressful temperatures on development and hatchling phenotypes and survival. Most embryos died at heat shocks of 45°C or 46°C, which is ~12°C warmer than the highest constant temperatures suitable for successful development. Heart rate and O2 consumption increased with temperature; however, as embryos approached the lethal temperature, heart rate and CO2 production continued rising while O2 consumption plateaued. These data indicate a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand at high temperatures. Exposure to extreme, diurnal fluctuations depressed embryo developmental rates and heart rates, and resulted in hatchlings with smaller body size, reduced growth rates, and lower survival in the laboratory. Thus, even brief exposure to extreme temperatures can have important effects on embryo development, and our study highlights the role of both immediate and cumulative effects of high temperatures on egg survival. Such effects must be considered to predict how populations will respond to global change.

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CONVERGENT EVOLUTION OF EMBRYONIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE EASTERN FENCE LIZARD (SCELOPORUS UNDULATUS)

Cited by 56 publications

References 79 publications

Predicting the physiological performance of ectotherms in fluctuating thermal environments

Predicting the physiological performance of ectotherms in fluctuating thermal environments

Rapid assimilation of yolk enhances growth and development of lizard embryos from a cold environment

Thermal sensitivity of lizard embryos indicates a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand at near‐lethal temperatures

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