“…Prominent emotion theorists (e.g., Scherer, 2007;) have criticized previous work in this research tradition because of several shortcomings, such as the partial reliance on self-reports and comparisons of subjects' responses with expert scores (see also Wilhelm, 2005). Still, there are persistent discussions on the validity of integrative versus mixed-model measures of emotional intelligence (e.g., Webb et al, 2013), debating and questioning whether self-reports are suitable to measure the construct of emotional intelligence (e.g., Zeidner, Shani-Zinovich, Matthews, & Roberts, 2005). In the present research, we focus on performance-based measures because only these adequately conceptualize ability constructs (e.g., Wilhelm, 2005).…”