Convergence or Divergence? Educational Discrepancies in Work-Care Arrangements of Mothers with Young Children in Germany

Abstract

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Public Childcare and Maternal Employment — New Evidence for Germany

“…The picture supports the notion that lowly educated mothers barely benefit from the childcare expansion. This is in accordance with findings from the study of Stahl and Schober (2018) showing that in recent years, institutional childcare use in East and West Germany increased more strongly among families with medium and high education compared to those with low education. It also fits the picture of an increasing divergence of work-care-arrangements among mothers of different educational levels (Stahl and Schober, 2018).…”

“…Further, only 42 per cent of lowly qualified mothers were employed in 2010, compared to 69 per cent (74 per cent) of mothers with medium (high) education (BMFSFJ, 2012: 35). An increasing divergence of work-care arrangements with a more strongly increasing employment and childcare usage among medium and highly qualified mothers compared with their lowly qualified counterparts has been ascertained by Stahl and Schober (2018) for mothers with under threes between 1997 and 2013. In light of the rather low employment of mothers with children under the age of three, particularly with respect to full-time and the employment of disadvantaged subgroups, and the persistent East-West gap in employment patterns it becomes clear why the further expansion of childcare provision is a compelling task.…”

Understanding day care enrolment gaps

“…Large and persistent gaps in enrolment in early education and care are well documented across different institutional settings (e.g. Greenberg, 2011;Magnuson and Waldfogel, 2016;Stahl and Schober, 2018;Zachrisson et al, 2013). However, the literature on the underlying drivers of such gaps is thin.…”

Public Child‐Care Expansion and Changing Gender Ideologies of Parents in Germany

“…Between 2006 and 2014, the average attendance rate for children aged younger than 3 years subsequently increased from 8% to 27% in West Germany and from 40% to 52% in East Germany (Strunz, ). At the same time, mothers increasingly substituted informal child care, such as care by relatives, friends, or neighbors, with formal child care (Stahl & Schober, ).…”