Conventional-Vincristine Sulfate vs. Modified Protocol of Vincristine Sulfate and L-Asparaginase in Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor

Setthawongsin, Chanokchon; Teewasutrakul, Patharakrit; Tangkawattana, Sirikachorn; Techangamsuwan, Somporn; Rungsipipat, Anudep

doi:10.3389/fvets.2019.00300

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…Múltiplas modalidades terapêuticas são descritas com eficácia reconhecida para o tratamento do TVT, como a cirurgia, radioterapia, quimioterapia convencional, eletroquimioterapia e imunoterapia [1,11], no entanto a quimioterapia com sulfato de vincristina permanece como tratamento de eleição, mesmo nos casos extragenitais e metastáticos [1,11,22,28] como observado no caso reportado, sendo evidenciada a melhora clínica, e em exames radiográficos e hematológicos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in the Larynx with Pulmonary Metastasis

Costa

Paiva

Gonzaga

et al. 2022

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is one of the most common canine neoplasms in Brazil. Lesions develop mainly in the genital tissue and less frequently in other areas, in the extragenital form. Metastasis is rare, and the disease progression depends on the patient's immune status. The treatment of choice is chemotherapy with vincristine sulfate, considered an effective and safe modality. The present work describes the first case of extragenital TVT in the larynx with pulmonary metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Case: An approximately 4-month-old mixed-breed bitch was attended manifesting acute clinical respiratory signs. The patient had been rescued from the street 2 months beforehand. Physical examination revealed pale mucous membranes and crackling pulmonary auscultation. Thoracic radiography was performed in 3 projections, showing multiple nodules in the lung parenchyma, followed by cytopathological examination using fine needle puncture guided by thoracic ultrasound, confirming the diagnosis of TVT. Considering the cytological finding and the absence of primary tumor lesions in the genital, oral, cutaneous or nasal regions, endoscopy was performed in order to locate a possible primary focus. The exam revealed a small erythematous tumor with smooth and regular surface, measuring approximately 2.5 cm, located in the larynx, between the arytenoid cartilages. Chemotherapy was performed with vincristine sulfate with radiographic follow-up throughout the treatment. Full remission of the pulmonary and laryngeal nodules was achieved at the end of the protocol. The animal remained in complete remission for a period of 2 years. Discussion: TVT is more frequently observed in animals of active reproductive age, and rarely in animals under 1 year of age, as in the case described here. When considering extragenital lesions, the manifestation can be single or multiple, occurring more frequently in the cutaneous, oral and nasal forms. This case describes a laryngeal lesion with pulmonary involvement, without lesion in the genitalia or any other site. Cases of TVT in young and prepubescent animals, associated with extragenital involvement and aggressive behavior, similar to this case, have been described in literature, but never in this location. Literature suggests there is a relationship with the immune status of such patients, which do not have a well-developed immune system, facilitating disease progression. In these animals, transmission can be maternal, since in some cases the patient develops the disease without having contact with other animals except the mother. This form of transmission would facilitate the extragenital form in the oral cavity, airways and ocular region, related to licking, lactation and direct contact. Vincristine sulfate chemotherapy, considered the treatment of choice, was effectively used in this case, despite the atypical form. The TVT prognosis tends to be favorable, with the exception of the aggressive presentations with the presence of distant metastases. However, in the case described here, even though metastatic pulmonary nodules were present, complete remission was achieved, with survival exceeding 2 years. The development of TVT in the larynx is a rare form of the disease, and this report is possibly the first description of this tumor location. Thus, we highlight the importance of a complete investigation of the patient and of TVT as a differential diagnosis in this location. Keywords: dog, bitch, coitus, neoplasm, round cells, extragenital. Título: Tumor venéreo transmissível canino em laringe com metástase pulmonar Descritores: cão, cadela, coito, neoplasia, células redondas, extragenital.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in the Larynx with Pulmonary Metastasis

Costa

Paiva

Gonzaga

et al. 2022

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…A paciente em questão possuía 10 anos, corroborando com estudos em que a idade avançada foi relacionada ao surgimento de metástases (Setthawongsin et al, 2019). As metástases também ocorrem com frequência em animais imunocomprometidos, desnutridos ou recém-nascidos (Cohen, 1985;Park et al, 2006), Estudos descrevem que a metástase de TVT é incomum, podendo ocorrer em 5% a 25% dos casos e que 10,3% dos casos de TVT linfocítico apresentam massas não primárias contra 41% em casos do tipo plasmocítico, sugerindo que o tipo plasmocitóide tem maior capacidade para desenvolver metástases (Amaral et al, 2007;Kabuusu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Tumor venéreo transmissível em cavidade abdominal de cadela: Relato incomum

Groth

Silva

Martins

et al. 2021

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O tumor venéreo transmissível é uma neoplasia distribuída mundialmente que acomete cães principalmente pelo contato sexual, os animais acometidos geralmente desenvolvem nódulos no trato reprodutivo inferior. As metástases são incomuns, normalmente são observadas em animais imunocomprometidos. O objetivo deste é relatar um caso de tumor venéreo transmissível em cadela disseminado pelo abdômen. A paciente apresentava uma massa única em região cranial da vagina e massas de diversos tamanhos aderidas à parede abdominal, ao mesentério e à serosa de órgãos como intestino, baço, vesícula urinária e útero, visibilizadas ao exame ultrassonográfico. Os exames complementares como a vaginoscopia e as análises citomorfológicas das massas da cavidade abdominal e em fundo de vagina foram de grande importância para o diagnóstico definitivo. O tratamento semanal com 0,5 mg/m2 de Sulfato de Vincristina durante sete semanas foi efetivo. A importância deste relato é a forma incomum de metástase de TVT, visto que acometia somente a serosa dos órgãos abdominais, sem comprometer a função destes.

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“…Contrariamente, cães diagnosticados com TVT e tratados com o sulfato de vincristina apresentaram remissão completa após 4 sessões de tratamento [3, 15,17,19,20]. Contudo, pode ser identificado resistência ao quimioterápico após 6 aplicações [12,21]. Por sua vez, a auto-hemoterapia isolada no tratamento do TVT extragenital em cadelas não induziu a remissão completa após 6 tratamentos semanais [7].…”

Section: Parâmetrounclassified

Combination of Autohemotherapy and Vincristine Sulfate in Treatment of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in Bitches in Mozambique

Júnior

Bambo

Cardoso

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a tumor of round cells. Vincristine sulfate is the most effective for TVT. Alternatively, hemotherapy is an alternative therapy that consists of the administration of autologous blood and the positive effects are associated with an immunomodulatory effect. Since chemotherapy has some collateral effects, it is necessary to study another treatment with minimal side effects. In this context, this report case aimed to describe the use of autohemotherapy associated with vincristine sulfate for treating a transmissible venereal tumor in the vulvar mucosa of 7 adult bitches, being the first case report in Mozambique, Africa.Case: Seven adult bitches, median size, were referred to the School Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique, Africa, with a diagnosis of TVT in the vulvar mucosa. All bitches were treated weekly with autohemotherapy and vincristine sulfate for 21 days. The parameters assessed included clinical and TVT macroscopic examination, complete blood count, serum biochemical examination and urinalysis, and were evaluated 60-min before each treatment. No clinical side effects were identified during the treatments. Color, appearance and tumor size were changed during the treatment period, and all bitches showed complete remission of the tumor 21 days after the beginning of treatment or after the third therapeutic session. The values of the complete blood count, serum biochemical and urinalysis did not demonstrate significant variations throughout the evaluated time-points. The TVT cytopathological classification was lymphocytic (42.9 %), plasmacytic (28.6 %) and lymphoplasmacytic (28.6 %). Discussion: The aims of this report were to describe the combination of autohemotherapy and vincristine sulfate for treating the transmissible venereal tumor located in the vulvar mucosa of adult bitches, through clinical and laboratory evaluation, and was not identified side and significant hematological changes. The novelty of this case report was associated with the use of adult bitches with TVT in the vulvar mucosa. Other authors conducted a similar study however with male dog with TVT identified at the base of the penis. The complete remission of the tumor after 3 applications and the absence of side effects showed the effectiveness of this treatment compared with use of chemotherapy without autohemotherapy. In contrast, dogs diagnosed with TVT and treated with vincristine sulfate showed complete remission after 4 treatment sessions However, the use of autohemotherapy alone for treating extragenital TVT in bitches did not induce complete remission after 6 weekly treatments. Doses and administration of autologous blood and vincristine sulfate were in accordance with the recommendations of the literature, and were determined according to body mass. Other routes of administration through the cephalic vein were also used and showed complete remission after 4 treatments. The decrease in size tumor associated with the changes in appearance and color was associated with regression of the TVT. The connective tissue isolating groups of cells identified in the literature were not confirmed in this report, probably due to the phase of the progression of the tumor. The highest percentage of animals with lymphocytoid TVT was different from the literature, which referred to the predominance of the plasmacytoid pattern. The combination of autohemotherapy and vincristine sulfate every 7 days encouraged complete remission of TVT in the vulvar mucosa of adult median size bitches after 3 sessions.

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Conventional-Vincristine Sulfate vs. Modified Protocol of Vincristine Sulfate and L-Asparaginase in Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in the Larynx with Pulmonary Metastasis

Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in the Larynx with Pulmonary Metastasis

Tumor venéreo transmissível em cavidade abdominal de cadela: Relato incomum

Combination of Autohemotherapy and Vincristine Sulfate in Treatment of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in Bitches in Mozambique

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