AcknowledgementsI would like to express my thanks to my supervisor Prof. Dr. Hanspeter Schmidli. I have greatly profited from his hints and suggestions generously given during our conversations. I am very grateful to Prof. Dr. Josef Steinebach who agreed to be coreferent.I would like to acknowledge Markus Schulz for his listening ear and Mrs Anderka for believing in me.In particular, I would like to thank my family who has supported me all the time and enabled a successful completion of this work.
AbstractAn insurance company, having an initial capital x, cashes premiums continuously and pays claims of random sizes at random times. In addition to that, the company can buy reinsurance or/and invest money into a riskless or risky assets. The company holders are confronted with the problem of taking decisions on a business policy of the company. Thus, a measure for the risk connected with an insurance portfolio is sorely needed.The ruin probability, i.e. the probability that the surplus process becomes negative in finite time, is typically the measure for an insurance company's solvency. However, the ruin probability approach has been criticised among other things for not considering the severity of an insolvency and for ignoring the time value of money.An alternative to measure the risk of a surplus process is to consider the value of expected discounted capital injections, which are necessary to keep the process above zero. Naturally, it raises the question how to minimise this value. If the company holders prefer (or are indifferent) investing tomorrow to investing today, it is optimal to inject capital only when the surplus becomes negative and only as much as is necessary to keep the process above zero.In the first part of this work, we solve the problem of minimising the expected discounted capital injections over all dynamic reinsurance strategies for the classical risk model and its diffusion approximation. In the second part, we extend the concept by adding the possibility of investing money, if the surplus remains positive, into a riskless asset. In these two cases we are able to show the existence and uniqueness of the optimal reinsurance strategy and the value function as the minimising value of expected discounted capital injections.In the third part, we consider the surplus process, where the company holders can invest money into a risky asset modeled as a Black-Scholes model. The forth part extends the setup of the third part by possibility of reinsurance. In the last two cases we solve the problem explicitly only for the case of diffusion approximation. In the classical risk model the concept of viscosity solutions introduced by Crandall and Lions has been used.All the studies are illustrated by simulations, written in Java. Als alternatives Risikomaß betrachtet man den Wert der erwarteten diskontierten Kapitalzuführungen, welche notwendig sind damit derÜberschussprozess nichtnegativ bleibt. Es stellt sich die Frage, wie man diesen Wert minimiert. Wir nehmen an, dass die Inhaber der Versicherungsges...