Controlled vaccine release in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues. I. Orally administered biodegradable microspheres target the peyer's patches

Eldridge, John H.; Hammond, Charlotte; Meulbroek, Jonathan A.; Staas, Jay K.; Gilley, Richard M.; Tice, Thomas R.

doi:10.1016/0168-3659(90)90133-e

Cited by 616 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The ideal size of microspheres which can induce mucosal response is 5-10rtm as they are taken up by the M cells of the Peyer's patches and are transported to the T-B-cell zones. Microspheres < 5#m are ingested by the cells and are taken to the systemic lymphoid tissue such as spleen where the released antigen elicits a serum antibody response, whereas microspheres >5 # m remain in Peyer's patches and provides a sustained release of antigen, eliciting slgA response (87).…”

Section: Mucosal Immunization Offers Saveral Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New age adjuvants and delivery systems for subunit vaccines

Koduri

Manocha

Sabhnani

et al. 2000

Indian J Clin Biochem

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The dramatic advancements in the field of vaccinology has led to the formulation of chemically well defined vaccines composed of synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins derived from the immunologically dominant regions of the pathogens. Though these subunit vaccines are safer compared to the traditional vaccines they are known to be poorly immunogenic. This necessitates the use of adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity of these vaccine formulations. The most common adjuvant for human use is alum. Research in the past has focused on the development of systemic immunity using conventional immunization protocols. In the present era, the emphasis is on the development and formulation of alternative adjuvants and delivery systems in generating systemic as well as mucosal immunity. This review mainly focuses on a variety of adjuvants (particulate as well as non-particulate) used with protective antigens of HIV, malaria, plague, leprosy using modified delivery vehicles. The experience of our laboratory and other researchers in this field clearly proves that these new age adjuvants and delivery systems undoubtedly generate enhanced immune response -both humoral and cell mediated. The choice of antigens, the nature of adjuvant used and the mode of delivery employed have a profound effect on the type of immune response generated. Besides the quantity, the quality of the antibodies generated also play a vital role in protection against these diseases. Some of the adjuvants and delivery systems used promoted high titre and affinity antibodies, which were shown to be cytophilic in nature, an important criteria in providing protection to the host. Thus the studies on these adjuvants/ delivery systems with respect to various infectious diseases indicate their active role in efficient modulation of immune response along with safety and permissiblity.

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Section: Mucosal Immunization Offers Saveral Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New age adjuvants and delivery systems for subunit vaccines

Koduri

Manocha

Sabhnani

et al. 2000

Indian J Clin Biochem

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“…The concept of a common mucosal immune system has been supported by several oral immunization studies [8,13,16]. Delgado et al demonstrated induction of specific IgA antibodies at various mucosal sites via oral administration in mice, showing that oral administration of antigens can effectively induce antibodies through Peyer's patches [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…M. hyopneumoniae infects the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract [6], and a mucosal immune response may therefore be important in the prevention and control of M. hyopneumoniae-induced pneumonia [23]. The concept of a common mucosal immune system has been supported by several oral immunization reports [8,13]. Numerous experimental systems have proven that oral immunization can induce antibody secretion into the mucus on these surfaces [8,16,18], and is almost completely restricted to the secretory form of IgA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The concept of a common mucosal immune system has been supported by several oral immunization reports [8,13]. Numerous experimental systems have proven that oral immunization can induce antibody secretion into the mucus on these surfaces [8,16,18], and is almost completely restricted to the secretory form of IgA. Oral immunization causes this IgA antibody to be secreted from the GALT to distant mucosal tissue, including the salivary, mammary, respiratory, intestine and genital mucosal tissue, protecting these areas from pathogen invasion [5,14].…”

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confidence: 88%

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Protective Effects of Oral Microencapsulated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Vaccine Prepared by Co-Spray Drying Method.

Lin

Weng

Liao

et al. 2003

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The efficacy of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae oral vaccine was investigated in microsphere dosage form. A co-spray drying process was used to apply an encapsulating material, Eudragit L30 D-55, to microspheres containing Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens. The microspheres were generally effective (>93%) with protein release at pH 7.4, but almost none were released at pH 1.2, for 3 hr in an in vitro dissolution test. An SPF-swine model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the microspheres as an oral vaccine, and the related immune responses. The serum's systemic IgG against M. hyopneumoniae was evoked by ELISA analysis, after a 2nd immunization of all pigs. The vaccinated groups' mean lesion score was significantly lower after the Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae challenge than that of the nonvaccinated/challenged groups (P<0.05). This study strongly suggests that the oral microspheres vaccine prepared by a co-spray drying method can provide effective protection against M. hyopneumoniae infection in pigs. KEY WORDS: co-spray drying, microsphere, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, oral vaccine.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 65(1): 69-74, 2003 Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is widely recognized as a potent pathogen for mycoplasmal pneumonia in swine [2], colonizing the respiratory epithelia and compromising integrity by inducing an inflammatory response [20]. The pathogen also causes significant economic losses by reducing body weight and prolonging periods between feeds [22]. Although some drugs and antibiotics are effective in vitro against M. hyopneumoniae, reducing the disease's clinical signs [12], they have not yet been proven effective in eliminating the pathogen in vivo. Vaccination is an essential strategy in controlling mycoplasmal pneumonia. M. hyopneumoniae infects the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract [6], and a mucosal immune response may therefore be important in the prevention and control of M. hyopneumoniae-induced pneumonia [23]. The concept of a common mucosal immune system has been supported by several oral immunization reports [8,13]. Numerous experimental systems have proven that oral immunization can induce antibody secretion into the mucus on these surfaces [8,16,18], and is almost completely restricted to the secretory form of IgA. Oral immunization causes this IgA antibody to be secreted from the GALT to distant mucosal tissue, including the salivary, mammary, respiratory, intestine and genital mucosal tissue, protecting these areas from pathogen invasion [5,14].Microspheres have recently received widespread interest as vehicles for the controlled release of drug or bioactive agents; resisting degradation in gastric acid, they can release drugs in the intestines [1]. Oral antigen delivery by pHdependent microspheres can improve local and systemic immune responses [4,16], serving as a potent mucosal immunogen. It is essential to develop a new, simple and effective vaccine process. Microsphere oral vaccines have been previously developed in our laboratory via a novel cospray-drying process [16]. C...

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“….................................................................................................................................................................................................. network, may have the ability to preserve the conformational integrity of an antigen or may present the antigen to appropriate immune effector cells. Some adjuvants prolong antigen persistence by a gradual release of antigen from the injection site, which prolongs antigen exposure [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the Non‐Responsiveness of C57BL/6 Mice to the Malarial Antigen EB200 – The Role of Carrier and Adjuvant Molecules

et al. 2003

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Poor immunogenicity and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction of immune responses to certain recombinant proteins or synthetic peptides impose problems in developing effective vaccines. EB200 is one of the vaccine candidate antigens from Plasmodium falciparum, which induces MHC-restricted immune responses in mice of different haplotypes. A way of overcoming this problem is to conjugate the antigen to an immunogenic protein carrier and to use optimal adjuvant substances. We have investigated the carrier effect of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in CBA and C57BL/6 mice which are high and low responder to EB200, respectively. Our results reveal that the MHC restriction in C57BL/6 mice was broken by the use of GST as a carrier. Studies on the B-cell repertoires in both strains of mice immunized with GST-EB200 by preparing hybridoma cell lines indicate that the B-cell repertoires were similar in both CBA and C57BL/6 mice. However, the antibody affinity and the magnitude of the response were still lower in the low-responder C57BL/6 mice compared with that in CBA even when cholera toxin (CT) was used as adjuvant. To improve the response, the efficacy of various adjuvant substances like alum and Hsp 70 from Trypanosoma cruzi and the combination of various adjuvants was analysed. CT and Hsp 70 together act synergistically and markedly improve the immunogenicity of EB200 by increasing antibody affinity and the magnitude of the responses in C57BL/6 mice, which may be explained by the complementary effect of adjuvants. These results are of importance in the design of efficient vaccines.

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Controlled vaccine release in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues. I. Orally administered biodegradable microspheres target the peyer's patches

Cited by 616 publications

References 11 publications

New age adjuvants and delivery systems for subunit vaccines

New age adjuvants and delivery systems for subunit vaccines

Protective Effects of Oral Microencapsulated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Vaccine Prepared by Co-Spray Drying Method.

Breaking the Non‐Responsiveness of C57BL/6 Mice to the Malarial Antigen EB200 – The Role of Carrier and Adjuvant Molecules

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