Controlled Synthesis of Photochromic Polymer Brushes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Piech, Martin; Bell, Nelson S.

doi:10.1021/ma0512760

Cited by 65 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Since their discovery, photochromic SPs have been incorporated into various materials, i.e., surface bound monolayers,7, 11–13 Langmuir monolayers,14 Langmuir‐Blodgett films,14 polymeric brushes,9, 15–17 photocontrollable surfactants,18 liquid crystalline materials,19 polymeric matrices,8, 15, 16, 20–36 organic/inorganic hybrid systems,37 colloidal particles,17, 38 ionic liquids (ILs)39–43 and initiators for radical polymerisations 44…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyethylcellulose‐graft‐poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) as physically adsorbed coating for protein separation by CE

Cao

Zhou

et al. 2011

Electrophoresis

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In this work, a novel graft copolymer, hydroxyethylcellulose-graft-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (HEC-g-PDMAEMA), used as physical coatings of the bare fused-silica capillaries, was synthesized by using ceric ammonium nitrate initiator in aqueous nitric acid solution. EOF measurement results showed that the synthesized HEC-g-PDMAEMA graft copolymer-coated capillary in this paper could suppress EOF effectively compared to the bare fused-silica capillary, and efficient separations of basic proteins were also achieved. The electrical charge of the coated capillary wall could be modulated by varying not only the pH of the running buffer, but also the grafting ratio of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) grafts, which makes possible the analysis of basic and acidic proteins in the same capillary. The effects of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) grafting ratio in HEC-g-PDMAEMA and buffer pH on the separation of basic proteins for capillary electrophoresis were investigated in detail. Furthermore, egg white proteins and milk powder samples were separated by the HEC-g-PDMAEMA-coated capillary. The results demonstrated that the HEC-g-PDMAEMA copolymer coatings have great potential in the field of diagnosis and proteomics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyethylcellulose‐graft‐poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) as physically adsorbed coating for protein separation by CE

Cao

Zhou

et al. 2011

Electrophoresis

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“…An effective approach to overcome these barriers is to functionalize the silica surface with polymers that are identical or structurally similar to the matrix polymers. Among the widely pursued functionalization strategies is the 'grafting from' method [8,9], in which monomers or initiators are first attached to the silica surface to serve as starting points for propagation. For example, the silicabound azo moieties have been used in the conventional radical polymerization to graft vinyl polymers onto silica surfaces [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of polyamide 6/silica nanocomposites from silica surface initiated ring-opening anionic polymerization

Yang¹,

Gao²,

He³

et al. 2007

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Polyamide 6/silica nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ ring-opening anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam in the presence of sodium caprolactamate as a catalyst and caprolactam-functionalized silica as an initiator. The initiator precursor, isocyanate-functionalized silica, was prepared by directly reacting commercial silica with excess toluene 2,4-diisocyanate. This polymerization was found to occur in a highly efficient manner at relatively low reaction temperature (170°C) and short reaction times (6 h). FTIR spectroscopy was utilized to follow the introduction and consumption of isocyanate groups on the silica surface. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the polyamide 6 was successfully grown from the silica surface. Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to image polymer-functionalized silica, showing fine dispersion of silica particles and their size ranging from 20 to 40 nm.

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“…43 [76,77] The polymers were grown from initiatorfunctionalized silica nanoparticles by atom-transfer radical polymerization. It was found that, in contrast to analogous polymer solutions, the particulate dispersion viscosity increased on exposure to UV light due to particle aggregation.…”

Section: Silica Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotochromism

Barachevsky¹

2015

Organic Photonics and Photovoltaics

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Abstract:The review presents the state-of-the-art analysis of investigations in the field of a new line of research of photochromism -nanophotochromism. The design, properties, and possible applications of photochromic nanoparticles prepared by different methods with the use of photochromic substances (aggregates, host-guest, and polymer systems, solid nanoparticles) as well as core-shell photochromic nanostructures based on polymers, silica, quantum dots, doped upconversion nanocrystals, and Ag, Au, etc. nanoparticles have been reviewed. Keywords: photochromism; photochromic nanoparticles; core-shell photochromic nanoparticles design; photoswitching; aggregates; polymer systems, host-guest systems IntroductionPhotochromism is a very important phenomenon for different applications in photonics. The applications are based on reversible phototransformations of photochromic compounds between two states and changes of their properties that accompany these transformations At present, systems and materials containing photochromic nanopatricles have become highly significant. Among these are nanodimensional particles of photochromic substances, including aggregates, and coreshell systems. As a core, inorganic nanoparticles of gold, silver, metal oxides, quantum dots (QD), and also polymeric nanoparticles are used. The shell consists of photochromic molecules or their aggregates connected to a core surface either chemically or physically. Photochromic nanoparticles with photocontrolled fluorescence arouse a special interest because the fluorescence technique is becoming a leading strategy in biological diagnosis, imaging, and detection applications. This paper is a state-of-the-art review which presents results of studying photochromic nanoparticles including author's own data. The results of earlier research are also surveyed in some other reviews [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Photochromic nanoparticles:properties and applications Nanoparticles based on photochromic substances AggregatesThe most known photochromic nanoparticles are aggregates of photochromic organic compounds [14]. These compounds experience reversible photoinduced transformations between two states, Sch. 1A and Sch. 1B. Scheme 1The photoinduced colored merocyanine form B absorbing visible irradiation is formed from a colorless form A as a result of photodissociation of the -C-O-bond of the pyran heterocycle under UV radiation, and this is followed by spontaneous isomerization of the cis-form to the trans one. The colored form B can be converted back to the initial colorless form A upon absorption of visible light or spontaneously during the dark relaxation, which is accelerated by heating.The J-aggregates of nitro-substituted indoline spiropyrans Sch. 2 with long alkyl substituents are of special interest [15].The narrow absorption bands of J-aggregates of these photochromic compounds (Fig. 1) made it possible prepare a specimen of the multilayered optical disk providing freUnauthenticated Download

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Controlled Synthesis of Photochromic Polymer Brushes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Cited by 65 publications

References 60 publications

Hydroxyethylcellulose‐graft‐poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) as physically adsorbed coating for protein separation by CE

Hydroxyethylcellulose‐graft‐poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) as physically adsorbed coating for protein separation by CE

Preparation of polyamide 6/silica nanocomposites from silica surface initiated ring-opening anionic polymerization

Nanophotochromism

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