Controlled synthesis of nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes with preferentially exposed {010} active facets for high rate and long cycling stable lithium-ion batteries

Challenges and Strategies to Advance High‐Energy Nickel‐Rich Layered Lithium Transition Metal Oxide Cathodes for Harsh Operation

“…So far, various surface‐capping agents such as ethylene glycol, oxalate acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and NH 3 ·H 2 O have been used to absorb on the (001) surface and reduce the growth rate along the a or b direction, leading to more formation of (010) facets. [ 128 ] For example, Wang et al. reported a hierarchical NCA plates with exposed (010) active planes by using PVP as chelating agent, which significantly improve their rate capability (124 mAh g −1 vs 70 mAh g −1 , @10C).…”

“…reported a hierarchical NCA plates with exposed (010) active planes by using PVP as chelating agent, which significantly improve their rate capability (124 mAh g −1 vs 70 mAh g −1 , @10C). [ 128d ] Su et al. reported a NCM811 microspheres cathode with exposed (010) planes by using NH 3 ·H 2 O as chelating agent, which could maintain 90.6% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1C and increase the rate capability (146.5 mAh g −1 vs 98.3 mAh g −1 , @10C).…”

“…reported a NCM811 microspheres cathode with exposed (010) planes by using NH 3 ·H 2 O as chelating agent, which could maintain 90.6% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1C and increase the rate capability (146.5 mAh g −1 vs 98.3 mAh g −1 , @10C). [ 128c ] More recently, Xu et al. have reported NCM811 cathode that are composed by radially aligned single‐crystal primary particles, in which the exposed surfaces of the primary particles are electrochemical‐active (010) facets, leading to significantly improved lithium diffusion coefficient.…”

Synthesis and Manipulation of Single-Crystalline Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide Cathodes: A Review of Growth Mechanism

“…Unfortunately, the surface energy of the {010} facets is higher than that of the {001} facets, which leads to a higher growth rate and eventually the disappearance of the {010} facets in an uncontrolled growth process. In the recent decade, many works have successfully synthesized NMC products with highly exposed {010} facets through using a surface capping agent, adjusting the pH value, and modifying the tank reactor (Wei et al, 2010;Fu et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2014;Hua et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2017;Ju et al, 2018;Su et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2018;Dong et al, 2019;Xiang et al, 2019). Dramatically increasing the {010} facets generally causes a serious agglomeration, owing to the large surface area.…”

Structure and electrochemical performance modulation of a LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode material by anion and cation co-doping for lithium ion batteries

“…However, NCM/CB cathode displays a higher value of Ni 3+ /Ni 2+ (1.35), indicating its ideal stoichiometric composition with less anti-defects. 25,[36][37][38] As shown in Fig. 4c, the O 1s peak at approximately 529.3 eV related to the lattice oxygen in the metal framework.…”