Controlled growth of carbon nanotube films for high-current field emission

Siegal, Michael P.; Miller, Paul A.; Provencio, Paula Polyak; Tallant, D. R.

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2007.08.028

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…High-resolution TEM studies determined that only samples grown at 630 °C were clean multiwalled CNTs. Higher temperature growth yields structures consisting essentially of the CNT grown at 630 °C surrounded in an amorphous carbon sheath that increased exponentially in thickness with increasing growth temperature . This present work extends those studies to lower growth temperatures where clean CNTs without amorphous carbon sheaths are expected.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Previous study at higher growth temperatures g 650 °C found that diameter growth does not lead to additional graphene wall layers, but rather to the deposition of nanocrystalline graphite, or glassy carbon, sheath materials surrounding a higher-quality CNT similar to those grown at 630 °C. 16 In the lower growth temperature range of the present paper, the resulting CNTs do not exhibit any relevant degree of disordered carbon from TEM analysis. Rather, the observed CNTs appear to consist of clean, concentric walls of graphene cylinders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Linear Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Diameters with Growth Temperature

et al. 2010

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High crystalline quality single-and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grow using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at temperatures ranging from 530 to 630 °C. Using identical Ni catalyst layers and a constant CO reduction annealing process at 600 °C, the number of walls in the resulting CNTs increases linearly from one to eight over this growth temperature range. The highest temperature used in the growth process appears to control the resulting inner core diameter, which is ∼1 nm for all CNTs grown e 610 °C, near the CO reduction anneal used for all the samples. The corresponding CNT outer diameters also increase linearly from 1 to 5 nm up to 610 °C. Using growth temperatures measurably higher than that of the reduction anneal results in both larger inner and outer diameters, inferring that the Ni catalyst islands grow with increasing temperature. These results suggest that independent control of the number of walls and the inner core diameter in CNTs is possible.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Linear Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Diameters with Growth Temperature

et al. 2010

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“…FE from an isolated single multiwalled CNT (MWNT) was first observed by Rinzler et al [4] and that from a MWNT film was reported by de Heer et al [5]. Since then a number of experimental studies on FE of MWNTs synthesized by different processes, including arc discharge and various versions of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) both with and without plasma, have been investigated [6-17]. Several parameters such as density, length of CNTs, open/closed tips, defects, adsorbates, presence of metal particles, etc., have been reported to affect the FE characteristics of MWNT films deposited catalytically by different CVD techniques [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Substrate Morphology on Growth and Field Emission Properties of Carbon Nanotube Films

2008

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Carbon nanotube (CNT) films were grown by microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process on four types of Si substrates: (i) mirror polished, (ii) catalyst patterned, (iii) mechanically polished having pits of varying size and shape, and (iv) electrochemically etched. Iron thin film was used as catalytic material and acetylene and ammonia as the precursors. Morphological and structural characteristics of the films were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopes, respectively. CNT films of different morphology such as vertically aligned, randomly oriented flowers, or honey-comb like, depending on the morphology of the Si substrates, were obtained. CNTs had sharp tip and bamboo-like internal structure irrespective of growth morphology of the films. Comparative field emission measurements showed that patterned CNT films and that with randomly oriented morphology had superior emission characteristics with threshold field as low as ~2.0 V/μm. The defective (bamboo-structure) structures of CNTs have been suggested for the enhanced emission performance of randomly oriented nanotube samples.

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“…Field emitters using CNTs have been fabricated by various methods. The direct growth method [12][13][14] shows good control of the alignment, density, diameter and length of CNTs, but is limited by the scalability of the substrate size and the growth temperature. The screen printing method [15][16][17][18][19] has good scalability, but outgassing from the organic vehicle in the paste degrades the CNTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field emission properties of Cu/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite films fabricated by an electrodeposition technique

2013

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Composite films of Cu and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fabricated using an electrodeposition technique, and their field emission properties were examined.Commercially available MWCNTs with various diameters (60-150 nm) were used. The microstructure of the composite films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and the field emission properties were measured using a diode-type system. Cu/MWCNT composite films with homogeneous dispersion of MWCNTs were fabricated using each type of MWCNT.Bare MWCNTs were present on the surface of the composite films and the ends of the protruding tips were fixed by the deposited copper matrix. The composite films produced clear emission currents, and the corresponding Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) plots showed that these were field emission currents. The turn-on electric field tended to decrease with decreasing MWCNT diameter. A light emitting device incorporating the Cu/MWCNT composite film as a field emitter was fabricated, and its light emitting properties were investigated. Light emission with a brightness of around 100 cd m -2 was observed for approximately 100 hours.

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Controlled growth of carbon nanotube films for high-current field emission

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Linear Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Diameters with Growth Temperature

Linear Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Diameters with Growth Temperature

Effect of Substrate Morphology on Growth and Field Emission Properties of Carbon Nanotube Films

Field emission properties of Cu/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite films fabricated by an electrodeposition technique

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