Controlled-Environment Sunlit Plant Growth Chambers

Liu, L.; Hoogenboom, Gerrit; Ingram, K. T.

doi:10.1080/07352680091139268

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Overall, the modifications of climatic conditions by the OTCs were quite modest and well inside the range of chamber effects reported by others (e.g. Sanders et al ., 1991; Leadley & Drake, 1993; Liu et al ., 2000; Dore et al ., 2003). This was true except for air humidity, which was lower than ambient in the present system, but is higher than ambient in most OTCs (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Observing ¹³C labelling kinetics in CO₂ respired by a temperate grassland ecosystem

2009

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Summary• The kinetic characteristics of the main sources of ecosystem respiration are quite unknown, partly because of methodological constraints. Here, we present a new open-top chamber (OTC) apparatus for continuous 13 C/ 12 C labelling and measurement of ecosystem CO 2 fluxes, and report the tracer kinetics of nighttime respiration of a temperate grassland.• The apparatus includes four dynamic flow-through OTCs, a unit mixing CO 2 -free air with 13 C-depleted CO 2 , and a CO 2 analyser and an online isotope ratio mass spectrometer.• The concentration (367 ± 6.5 µmol mol) and carbon isotopic composition, δ 13 C, (−46.9 ± 0.4‰) of CO 2 in the OTCs were stable during photosynthesis as a result of high air throughflux and minimal incursion through the buffered vent. Soil CO 2 efflux was not affected by pressure effects during respiration measurements. The labelling kinetics of respiratory CO 2 measured in the field agreed with that of excised soil + vegetation blocks measured in a laboratory-based system. The kinetics fitted a twosource system (r 2 = 0.97), with a rapidly labelled source (half-life 2.6 d) supplying 48% of respiration, and the other source (52%) releasing no tracer during 14 d of labelling.• Of the two sources supplying ecosystem respiration, one was closely connected to current photosynthesis (≈ autotrophic respiration) and the other was provided by decomposition of structural plant biomass (≈ heterotrophic respiration).

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confidence: 99%

Observing ¹³C labelling kinetics in CO₂ respired by a temperate grassland ecosystem

2009

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“…These studies focused on the night-time thermal gradients in the greenhouse using computational thermal dynamics [19]. Other similar studies have been conducted on sunlit plant growth chambers with controlled-environment [11]. There are also studies regarding the construction of large-scale semi-field facilities to study genotypic differences in deep-root growth and resource acquisition [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a lack of information on the specification and performance of facilities and devices for temperature gradient implication in an open field or protected tunnels. Scientists and engineers in agricultural, biological, and ecological sciences have developed a variety of controlled environmental systems for experimental research of plant responses to their environmental conditions [11]. A greenhouse is designed to create a microclimate that allows adequate crop growth and to isolate it from adverse external conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Temperature Gradient Validation along a Greenhouse Temperature Gradient

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Climate change is increasing the vulnerability of horticultural crop cultivation and production. It is urgent to study such extreme weather phenomena (heatwave, drought, etc.), and in particular, to evaluate crop productivity according to temperature change. For this purpose, the crop physiological response to temperature change in simulated weather conditions was studied. However, there is a limitation in artificial light wavelength, which requires experiments to be carried out in protected facilities or open fields. In this study, we simulated temperature differences with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in tunnel-type greenhouses. They can create temperature gradients and improve the accuracy of CFD with vertically and horizontally measured temperature profiles. The growth and physiological response of Kimchi cabbage were examined and validated using a temperature gradient within a semi-closed plastic tunnel.Results: Correlation coefficients of measured heights were: 1.120, 0.597, and 0.459. Root mean square error was below 0.1025, which means the CFD simulation values were highly accurate. The error analysis showed that it was possible to accurately predict temperature gradients change within a semi-closed tunnel-type greenhouse using CFD techniques. CFD results showed an average error of 0.597°C compared to field monitoring results. The maximum temperature difference of GTG was 5.7°C, suggesting a well-controlled set point (6°C difference between outside conditions and inside conditions of GTG). In a cloudy day, the gradient temperature of GTG was well maintained by the set differential temperature (dT), which suggests that the set dT was not precisely and accurately performed in GTG of a sunny day. There was a significant difference in the growth, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and Ci concentration along with temperature differences in GTG. Conclusions: CFD can simulate temperature gradient distribution in a tunnel-type greenhouse and predict the temperature difference for equipment with different specifications. These facilities can be used in climate change-related studies, such as assessment of crop production area optimization, crop physiological response to temperature, vulnerability assessment of crop production under increasing temperatures, or extreme weather.

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“…A tape was used to seal the chamber and a 10-cm 2 hole was left in one of the upper corners to have an open flow. Teflon FEP was used because of its low permeability to liquids and gasses and its excellent transmission in the infrared and visible range of the solar spectrum (Liu et al, 2000). The plant chamber was screwed on a wood base (100 cm × 100 cm) where a few holes were cut to accommodate the plant stem (3.8 cm in diameter) and the air inlet tubes (10 mm in diameter).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Leaf Ultrasonic Resonance to Vitis vinifera L. Suggests the Existence of a Diurnal Osmotic Adjustment Subjected to Photosynthesis

et al. 2016

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The main objective of this study was to apply the air-coupled broad-band ultrasonic spectroscopy in attached transpiring leaves of Vitis vinifera L. to monitor changes in leaf water potential (Ψ) through the measurements of the standardized value of the resonant frequency associated with the maximum transmitance (f/fo). With this purpose, the response of grapevine to a drought stress period was investigated in terms of leaf water status, ultrasounds, gas exchange and sugar accumulation. Two strong correlations were obtained between f/fo and Ψ measured at predawn (pd) and at midday (md) with different slopes. This fact implied the existence of two values of Ψ for a given value of f/fo, which was taken as a sign that the ultrasonic technique was not directly related to the overall Ψ, but only to one of its components: the turgor pressure (P). The difference in Ψ at constant f/fo (δ) was found to be dependent on net CO2 assimilation (A) and might be used as a rough estimator of photosynthetic activity. It was then, the other main component of Ψ, osmotic potential (π), the one that may have lowered the values of md Ψ with respect to pd Ψ by the accumulation of sugars associated to net CO2 assimilation. This phenomenon suggests the existence of a diurnal osmotic adjustment in this species associated to sugars production in well-watered plants.

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Controlled-Environment Sunlit Plant Growth Chambers

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Observing ¹³C labelling kinetics in CO₂ respired by a temperate grassland ecosystem

Observing ¹³C labelling kinetics in CO₂ respired by a temperate grassland ecosystem

Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Temperature Gradient Validation along a Greenhouse Temperature Gradient

The Application of Leaf Ultrasonic Resonance to Vitis vinifera L. Suggests the Existence of a Diurnal Osmotic Adjustment Subjected to Photosynthesis

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Controlled-Environment Sunlit Plant Growth Chambers

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Observing 13C labelling kinetics in CO2 respired by a temperate grassland ecosystem

Observing 13C labelling kinetics in CO2 respired by a temperate grassland ecosystem

Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Temperature Gradient Validation along a Greenhouse Temperature Gradient

The Application of Leaf Ultrasonic Resonance to Vitis vinifera L. Suggests the Existence of a Diurnal Osmotic Adjustment Subjected to Photosynthesis

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Observing ¹³C labelling kinetics in CO₂ respired by a temperate grassland ecosystem

Observing ¹³C labelling kinetics in CO₂ respired by a temperate grassland ecosystem