Controlled crystallinity and morphologies of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite films grown without anti-solvent for solar cells

Huang, Fei; Šiffalovič, Peter; Li, Bo; Yang, Shumin; Zhang, Linxing; Nádaždy, Peter; Cao, Guozhong; Tian, Jianjun

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.124959

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…During the formation of MACl‐assisted PEA 2 MA 4 Pb 5 I 16 layered perovskite films, MACl was believed to induce the formation of an intermediate phase composed of perovskite crystals without annealing, which directly facilitated the vertical alignment of 2D RP perovskite films on the substrate after annealing. [ 171 ] In another investigation of BA 2 MA 4 Pb 5 I 16 , MACl was observed to promote the crystallization of small‐ n phases, resulting in the consumption of space cations and thus optimizing the growth of large‐ n perovskite flakes. [ 172 ] Noteworthy that the fine‐tuning of the concentrations of Cl − additive is of great importance to achieve the best‐quality RP perovskite films for the highest PCE of devices as excessive MACl addition sacrificed the surface smoothness and compactness, thereby degrading the photovoltaic performance of devices.…”

Section: Strategies To Fabricate High‐quality Rp Perovskite Film In Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐Quality Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Film Formation for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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In the last decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone unprecedented rapid development and become a promising candidate for a new‐generation solar cell. Among various PSCs, typical 3D halide perovskite‐based PSCs deliver the highest efficiency but they suffer from severe instability, which restricts their practical applications. By contrast, the low‐dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskite‐based PSCs have recently raised increasing attention due to their superior stability. Yet, the efficiency of RP perovskite‐based PSCs is still far from that of the 3D counterparts owing to the difficulty in fabricating high‐quality RP perovskite films. In pursuit of high‐efficiency RP perovskite‐based PSCs, it is critical to manipulate the film formation process to prepare high‐quality RP perovskite films. This review aims to provide comprehensive understanding of the high‐quality RP‐type perovskite film formation by investigating the influential factors. On this basis, several strategies to improve the RP perovskite film quality are proposed via summarizing the recent progress and efforts on the preparation of high‐quality RP perovskite film. This review will provide useful guidelines for a better understanding of the crystallization and phase kinetics during RP perovskite film formation process and the design and development of high‐performance RP perovskite‐based PSCs, promoting the commercialization of PSC technology.

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Section: Strategies To Fabricate High‐quality Rp Perovskite Film In Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, PEA 2 MA 4 Pb 5 I 16 and BA 2 MA 4 Pb 5 I 16 ‐based PSCs delivered superior PCEs of 9.7% and 13.9% after optimizing the MACl additive amount, respectively. [ 171,172 ]…”

Section: Strategies To Fabricate High‐quality Rp Perovskite Film In Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Quality Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Film Formation for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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“…[ 16,19–31 ] The origin of the 2D perovskite layer orientation and the crystallization kinetics were thus intensely studied using grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS). [ 32–36 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] The origin of the 2D perovskite layer orientation and the crystallization kinetics were thus intensely studied using grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). [32][33][34][35][36] The design of perovskite-based PV and LED devices typically features either planar or bulk heterojunctions, making the crystal orientation essential in the former case and the crystal size critical in the latter case. [37] The substrate effect has been studied in great detail, particularly the aspects of charge collection properties, [38,39] induced elemental separation, [40,41] and film morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization of 2D Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskites Templated by Conductive Substrates

Kovaříček

Nádaždy

Pluhařová

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

Self Cite

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2D hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites are valued in optoelectronic applications for their tunable bandgap and excellent moisture and irradiation stability. These properties stem from both the chemical composition and crystallinity of the layer formed. Defects in the lattice, impurities, and crystal grain boundaries generally introduce trap states and surface energy pinning, limiting the ultimate performance of the perovskite; hence, an in‐depth understanding of the crystallization process is indispensable. Here, a kinetic and thermodynamic study of 2D perovskite layer crystallization on transparent conductive substrates are provided—fluorine‐doped tin oxide and graphene. Due to markedly different surface structure and chemistry, the two substrates interact differently with the perovskite layer. A time‐resolved grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) is used to monitor the crystallization on the two substrates. Molecular dynamics simulations are employed to explain the experimental data and to rationalize the perovskite layer formation. The findings assist substrate selection based on the required film morphology, revealing the structural dynamics during the crystallization process, thus helping to tackle the technological challenges of structure formation of 2D perovskites for optoelectronic devices.

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“…cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells. [7] Moreover, because of the nature of their mechanical flexibility, PSCs are compatible with the continuous roll-to-roll production, a kind of batch production, exhibiting the potential for a wider range of practical application. [8][9][10][11][12] However, due to the ionic bond and crystal structure, perovskite devices suffer from the poor environmental stability and moisture resistance which could obviously accelerate the degradation rate of perovskites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface passivation using n-type organic semiconductor in two-dimensional perovskite solar cells

Xie¹,

Zeng²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Surface passivation, which has been intensively studied recently, is essential for the perovskite solar cells (PSCs), due to the intrinsic defects in perovskite crystal. A series of chemical or physical methods have been published for passivating the defects of perovskite, which effectively suppressed the charge recombination and enhanced the photovoltaic performance. In this study, the n-type semiconductor of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is dissolved in chlorobenzene (CB) for the surface passivation during the spin-coating process for depositing the two-dimensional (2D) perovskite film. This approach simplifies the fabrication process of 2D PSCs and benefits the film quality. As a result, the defects of perovskite film are effectively passivated by this method. A better perovskite/PCBM heterojunction is generated, exhibiting an increased film coverage and improved film morphology of PCBM. It is found that this technology results in an improved electron transporting performance as well as suppressed charge recombination for electron transport layer. As a result, PSCs based on the one-step formed perovskite/PCBM heterojunctions exhibit the optimized power conversion efficiency of 15.69% which is about 37% higher than that of regular perovskite devices. The device environmental stability is also enhanced due to the quality-improved electron transport layer.

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Controlled crystallinity and morphologies of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite films grown without anti-solvent for solar cells

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

High‐Quality Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Film Formation for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

High‐Quality Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Film Formation for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Crystallization of 2D Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskites Templated by Conductive Substrates

Surface passivation using n-type organic semiconductor in two-dimensional perovskite solar cells

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