Controllable four axis extrusion-based additive manufacturing system for the fabrication of tubular scaffolds with tailorable mechanical properties

Kampen, Kenny A. van; Olăreţ, Elena; Stancu, Izabela‐Cristina; Moroni, Lorenzo; Mota, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2020.111472

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Many techniques are utilized to fabricate the scaffolds in tissue engineering. The solvent-free techniques, for example, injection [19], extrusion [20], thermoforming [21], selective laser sintering [22][23][24], and fused deposition modeling (FDM) [7,9,25,26], have drawn attention in the field of scaffolding. FDM can produce three-dimensional objects directly from the filaments of melted polymer or resin assisted by the computer-aided design program.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Blend from Fused Deposition Modeling as Potential Cartilage Scaffolds

Kosorn

Wutticharoenmongkol

2021

International Journal of Polymer Science

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The scaffolds of poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PCL/PHBV) blends were fabricated from fused deposition modeling. From indirect cytotoxicity testing based on mouse fibroblasts, all scaffolds with various blend ratios were nontoxic to cells. The surface-treated scaffold with a blend ratio of 25/75 PCL/PHBV exhibited the highest proliferation of porcine chondrocytes and total glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) after 21 days of culture. The scaffolds with a blend ratio of 25/75 with local pores (LP) were prepared from FDM along with a salt leaching technique using NaCl as porogens. The effect of NaOH in surface treatment on the biological property of scaffolds was investigated. The scaffolds with LP and with 1 M NaOH surface treatment exhibited the highest proliferation of cells and total GAGs after 28 days of culture. The degradation behaviors of the scaffolds were studied. The nonsurface treated, surface treated without LP, and surface treated with LP scaffolds were degraded in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) for 30 days at 37°C and 50°C for nonenzymatic condition and at 37°C for enzymatic condition. The surface treated with LP scaffold showed the highest amount of weight loss, followed by the surface treated without LP, and the nonsurface-treated scaffolds without LP, respectively. The results from Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated degradation of PCL and PHBV through hydrolysis of the ester functional group. The compressive strengths of all scaffolds were sufficiently high. The results suggested that the scaffolds with the existence of LP and with surface treatment showed the highest potential for use as cartilage scaffolds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Blend from Fused Deposition Modeling as Potential Cartilage Scaffolds

Kosorn

Wutticharoenmongkol

2021

International Journal of Polymer Science

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“…To determine the stiffness of the EHM ring, mechanical analysis was performed using an Electroforce-3200 Series III multiaxial tensile tester (TA Instruments, Asse, Belgium) combined with a 1000 gf (10 N) load cell (1 kg/cm 2 ), as previously described [ 36 , 37 ]. Test setups and data acquisition were directed through the WinTest 7 operational software (TA Instruments).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturing of Cardiac Fibroblasts in Engineered Heart Matrix Reduces Myofibroblast Differentiation but Maintains Their Response to Cyclic Stretch and Transforming Growth Factor β1

et al. 2022

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Isolation and culturing of cardiac fibroblasts (CF) induces rapid differentiation toward a myofibroblast phenotype, which is partly mediated by the high substrate stiffness of the culture plates. In the present study, a 3D model of Engineered Heart Matrix (EHM) of physiological stiffness (Youngs modulus ~15 kPa) was developed using primary adult rat CF and a natural hydrogel collagen type 1 matrix. CF were equally distributed, viable and quiescent for at least 13 days in EHM and the baseline gene expression of myofibroblast-markers alfa-smooth muscle actin (Acta2), and connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf) was significantly lower, compared to CF cultured in 2D monolayers. CF baseline gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (Tgfβ1) and brain natriuretic peptide (Nppb) was higher in EHM-fibers compared to the monolayers. EHM stimulation by 10% cyclic stretch (1 Hz) increased the gene expression of Nppb (3.0-fold), Ctgf (2.1-fold) and Tgfβ1 (2.3-fold) after 24 h. Stimulation of EHM with TGFβ1 (1 ng/mL, 24 h) induced Tgfβ1 (1.6-fold) and Ctgf (1.6-fold). In conclusion, culturing CF in EHM of physiological stiffness reduced myofibroblast marker gene expression, while the CF response to stretch or TGFβ1 was maintained, indicating that our novel EHM structure provides a good physiological model to study CF function and myofibroblast differentiation.

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“…The scaffolds should also be mechanically compatible with the tissue at the implant site, so they maintain the stability and integrity of the tissue structure in the in vivo biomechanical microenvironment. [ 18,19 ] Scaffolds are typically achieved through such approaches as crosslinking, electrospinning, and Lyophilizing ( Figure 6 ). Among them, 3D bioprinting technology recently drew a lot of interest in regenerative medicine.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Polysaccharide‐based Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 16,17 ] Moreover, the scaffolds should be mechanically compatible with the local tissue of the implant sites, so as to resist external pressure and retain the original shape of tissue in vivo. [ 18,19 ] An appropriate biomaterial with controlled fabrication and manipulation of 3D architectures will be very favorable for TERM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Polysaccharides for Tissue Repair and Regeneration

et al. 2021

Macromolecular Bioscience

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The success of repair or regeneration depends greatly on the architecture of 3D scaffolds that finely mimic natural extracellular matrix to support cell growth and assembly. Polysaccharides have excellent biocompatibility with intrinsic biological cues and they have been extensively investigated as scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). The physical and biochemical structures of natural polysaccharides, however, can barely meet all the requirements of tissue‐engineered scaffolds. To take advantage of their inherent properties, many innovative approaches including chemical, physical, or joint modifications have been employed to improve their properties. Recent advancement in molecular and material building technology facilitates the fabrication of advanced 3D structures with desirable properties. This review focuses on the latest progress of polysaccharide‐based scaffolds for TERM, especially those that construct advanced architectures for tissue regeneration.

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Controllable four axis extrusion-based additive manufacturing system for the fabrication of tubular scaffolds with tailorable mechanical properties

Cited by 24 publications

References 58 publications

Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Blend from Fused Deposition Modeling as Potential Cartilage Scaffolds

Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Blend from Fused Deposition Modeling as Potential Cartilage Scaffolds

Culturing of Cardiac Fibroblasts in Engineered Heart Matrix Reduces Myofibroblast Differentiation but Maintains Their Response to Cyclic Stretch and Transforming Growth Factor β1

Engineering Polysaccharides for Tissue Repair and Regeneration

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