Control of Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) pupae in compost

Abstract

Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) develops from an active larval stage through to a non-feeding, almost immobile, pre-pupal and pupal stage. This generally occurs in the compost or soil below the plant on which the larvae fed. Control of thrips at this stage in their development offers a chance of utilising pathogens or pesticides not suitable for use in an integrated control programme aimed at adult and larval stages. Trials were done with F. occidentalis pupae and pre-pupae in a soil/peat based compost using 11 pesticides, three fungal pathogens and four species of insect parasitic nematodes. The pesticides malathion and chlorpyrifos-methyl gave the most promising result with 97.5% and 96.5% control, respectively. The fungal pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae proved better when applied as a pre-pupation rather than as a post-pupation treatment (74.5% : 26.6% control), The insect parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae gave 76.6% control when applied at 25 x lo4 nematodes litre-' of compost. The results are discussed in relation to control of thrips in glasshouses.

Patogenicidade de fungos hifomicetos aos pulgões Aphis gossypii Glover e Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

“…Determinadas características de alguns hifomicetos, como esporulação e germinação rápida, permitem que o processo de infecção seja completado em poucas horas, com grande produção de conídios, os quais maximizam a dispersão dos patógenos. Algumas formulações comerciais de fungos entomopatogênicos para o controle de pulgões em cultivos protegidos já podem ser encontradas no mercado internacional, reduzindo populações da praga, principalmente em plantas ornamentais (Helyer et al 1995, Wraight et al 2000.…”

Pengelolaan Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Utama Pada Budidaya Cabai Merah di Dataran Tinggi

“…Hal itu terjadi karena cahaya yang dipantulkan oleh mulsa plastik menghalau OPT tersebut, sehingga tidak hinggap di pertanaman (Masahiko 2002, Asmaniar et al 2002, Reitz et al 2003, vanToor et al 2004. Selain itu mulsa plastik menghalangi nimfa trips yang hendak berkepompong di dalam tanah (Helyer et al 1995).…”

A novel method for the quantitative assessment of the percolation of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia through horticultural growing media

“…are incorporated into growing media to protect plants against soil-borne diseases (Lewis et al 1998;Whipps and Lumsden 2001). Similarly, incorporation of insect-pathogenic fungi into growing media has been shown to be highly effective in controlling larvae of the black vine weevil and pupae of the western flower thrips (Helyer et al 1995;Bruck 2005Bruck , 2006Shah et al 2006). Although fungal biological control agents (BCAs) show much promise many questions remain to be addressed such as the influence of the media type on the efficacy of the BCA.…”