Control of foliar diseases of mustard by Bacillus from reclaimed soil

Sharma, Neeta; Sharma, Swati

doi:10.1016/j.micres.2006.06.011

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Gnanamanickam and Mew (1992) reported high inhibition zone by Bacillus strains 4-03 and 33 against Pyricularia oryzae, a causative of blast disease of rice. Sharma and Sharma (2008) also found that B. subtilus produced antifungal compounds, which caused morphological alterations in the vegetative cells and spores, and disruption and lysis of cell walls of Alternaria species causing leaf spot of mustard. Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens have been found to reduce biomass of Mycoshaerella graminicola by 43% or more in dual culture (Kildea et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of pathogenic isolates in Ethiopia for the control of chocolate spot in Faba bean

Sahile¹,

Fininsa²,

Sakhuja³

et al. 2010

African Crop Science Journal

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Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the earliest domesticated food legumes in Ethiopia and is now cultivated on large areas in many countries. Production of the crop is, however, constrained by several disease infections including fungal diseases. The objectives of this work was to find out natural prevalence of Bacillus isolates on faba bean leaves in Amhara Regional state of Ethiopia; and to identify potential biocontrol agents for the management of chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae). Thirty eight distinct groups of isolates of Bacillus species out of a total 110 isolates obtained from 12 districts of north-west Ethiopia were found to occur on faba bean leaves. They differed in morphological and cultural characteristics. Thirty isolates of Bacillus spp. were tested for their effects on Botrytis fabae pathogen by dual culture technique on potato dextrose agar. Sixteen isolates produced 5 mm or higher inhibition zone and out of these isolate 43y and 56y were the most effective having inhibition zone of 8 and 7 mm, respectively. Isolates reduced the growth of the pathogen colony in dual culture by 23-64%. The highest reduction was caused by isolate 115y (64%), followed by 114-3y (52%) and 29y and 67y (50% each). Isolates of Bacillus were placed on actively growing colonies of B. fabae and were found to cause lysis of B. fabae mycelium. Eleven isolates caused 8 mm or higher lytic area of mycelium. Maximum lysis of mycelium was caused by isolates 111-1y (16.8 mm) and 116y (11.3 mm), and they were confirmed from CABI Global Plant Clinic as Bacillus and not pathogenic to plants and animals. Further evaluation of promising antagonistic isolates by the detached leaf technique showed that most of them reduced the disease development on leaves. However, the degree of disease reduction varied with cultivar. Isolates 108-2y, 20-2y, 47-2y and 36-1y proved most effective in retarding disease development on two susceptible and one tolerant cultivar and can be further explored for commercial use for management of chocolate spot disease of faba bean.Key Words: Bacillus spp., Biocontrol, Botrytis fabae, Ethiopia RÉSUMÉLe haricot faba (Vicia faba L.) est l'un des premiers domestiqués légumineuses alimentaires en Ethiopie et en est maintenant cultivé sur de grandes superficies dans de nombreux pays. La production de plant est toutefois limitée par des infections de plusieurs maladies don't les maladies fongiques. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient de découvrir la prévalence naturelle des isolats de Bacillus sur des feuilles de haricot faba dans la régions d'Amhara en Éthiopie; et d'identifier d'éventuels agentd de lutte biologique pour la gestion de taches chocolats (Botrytis fabae). Trente huit groupes distincts d'isolats d'espèces de Bacillus sur un total de 110 isolats obtenus à partir de 12 districts du Nord-Ouest de l'Éthiopie avaient été trouvés présents sur des feuilles de haricot faba. Ils différaient par les caractéristiques morphologiques et culturales. Trente isolats de Bacillus spp. avaient été testés pour leurs ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of pathogenic isolates in Ethiopia for the control of chocolate spot in Faba bean

Sahile¹,

Fininsa²,

Sakhuja³

et al. 2010

African Crop Science Journal

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“…Bacillus subtilis proved to be effective in controlling a wide range of diseases caused by fungi and bacteria, such as leaf spot caused by Alternaria brassicae (Sharma and Sharma 2006), Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Zhang and Xue 2010) and crown gall caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhouma et al 2008). Bacillus subtilis is considered to be a safe biological agent (Merriman et al 1974;Baker et al 1985;Turner and Backman 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol of olive knot disease by Bacillus subtilis isolated from olive leaves

Krid

Triki²,

Gargouri

et al. 2011

Ann Microbiol

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We evaluated the biocontrol efficacy of a Bacillus subtilis strain isolated from symptomless olive leaves against the olive knot disease pathogen Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi. Bacillus subtilis F 1 and F-4 displayed antibacterial activity against the pathogen. In planta, only B. subtilis F 1 significantly reduced the weight of knots caused by P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi IVIA 1628 and Aw 9 , whereas copper treatment was effective only when using strain Aw 9 , thus a reduction of 50% was obtained. Preliminary characterisation of the active compound produced by B. subtilis F 1 showed that it was proteinaceous in nature. These results suggest that B. subtilis strain F 1 could be used to control, and prevent infection by, the causal agent of olive knot disease.

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“…Generally, these cells are formed under environmental stress and improve fungus survival under adverse conditions. The formation of chlamydoconidia-shaped cells was observed after the interaction of dematiaceous fungi with B. subtilis or with bacterial metabolic products (13,14). The introduction of bacillus into 15-day cultures of F. pedrosoi caused morphological changes in the fungal hyphae, including the presence of terminal chlamydoconidiashaped cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been reported that Bacillus spp. can induce morphological changes in dematiaceous fungi (12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus subtilis induces morphological changes in Fonsecaea pedrosoi in vitro resulting in more resistant fungal forms in vivo

Machado¹,

Anzai²,

Fischman³

2010

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Abstract:Interactions among microorganisms may be the cause of morphological modifications, particularly in fungal cells. The aim of this work was to examine the changes that occur in cells of the fungus Fonsecaea pedrosoi after in vitro co-culturing with Bacillus subtilis and to explore the results of this interaction in vivo in an experimental murine infection. B. subtilis strain was inoculated into a 15-day pure culture of F. pedrosoi. In vitro, after 48 hours of co-culturing, the fungal cells were roundish. The secretion of fungal dark pigments and production of terminal chlamydoconidia were observed in hyphae after one week. In the in vivo study, two animal groups of 30 BALB/c mice each were employed. One group was inoculated intraperitoneally with hyphal fragments from the co-culture of bacteria and fungi; the other group was infected only with F. pedrosoi hyphae. After seven days of infection, both animal groups developed neutrophilic abscesses. Phagocytosis of bacilli by macrophages occurred at three days. At later periods, generally after 25 days, only roundish cells similar to sclerotic bodies remained in the tissues while hyphae were eliminated by 15 to 20 days. These fungal forms originated mainly from terminal chlamydoconidia. The co-culturing between bacteria and fungi may constitute a mechanism to rapidly obtain resistant fungal forms for host defenses, especially for chromoblastomycosis (CBM) experimental infections. Key words:Bacillus subtilis, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, microbial interaction, co-culture, fungal antagonism. In a preliminary study, we isolated an environmental gram-positive bacterium from Brazilian soil that antagonizes several fungi, including some dematiaceous species (23). Herein, we studied the interactions between this bacterium and a clinical strain of F. pedrosoi in two manners: firstly, we examined the in vitro changes in fungal cells after co-culturing with bacillus, and secondly, we explored the in vivo significance of this interaction. Original PaPer MATERIALS AND METHODS AnimalsTwo groups of 30 male BALB/c mice each weighing about 23 g (6 to 8-week-old), were used throughout this study. The specific-pathogenfree animals were purchased from CEDEME/ UNIFESP (Brazil). The protocol used was approved by the UNIFESP Ethics Committee under project number 0808/05. MicroorganismsF. pedrosoi strain (EPM -380/03) was isolated from a patient with CBM examined in the Dermatology Outpatient Department, UNIFESP, in 2003. It was cultivated on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA -Difco Laboratories, USA) supplemented with 80 mg/L gentamycin at a temperature of 28°C, with periodic transfers at 15-day intervals into a new SDA medium containing antibiotics. An environmental bacillus isolated from random soil samples collected from the campus of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (Cuiabá, Mato Grosso state, Brazil) was used in this study; as in previous co-culture assays, it was able to inhibit the growth of some phytopathogenic fungi and to induce the release of dark pigment by dematiaceous molds. ...

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Control of foliar diseases of mustard by Bacillus from reclaimed soil

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluation of pathogenic isolates in Ethiopia for the control of chocolate spot in Faba bean

Evaluation of pathogenic isolates in Ethiopia for the control of chocolate spot in Faba bean

Biocontrol of olive knot disease by Bacillus subtilis isolated from olive leaves

Bacillus subtilis induces morphological changes in Fonsecaea pedrosoi in vitro resulting in more resistant fungal forms in vivo

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