Control of equatorial ionospheric morphology by atmospheric tides

Immel, T. J.; Sagawa, E.; England, S.; Henderson, S. B.; Hagan, M. E.; Mende, S. B.; Frey, H. U.; Swenson, C.; Paxton, L. J.

doi:10.1029/2006gl026161

Cited by 597 publications

(761 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…7, a large-scale longitudinal structure, which is similarly reported by many scientists (e.g. Sagawa et al, 2005;Immel et al, 2006;Lin et al, 2007;Kakinami et al, 2011), is clearly seen around the magnetic equator in the F3/C model. According to Kakinami et al (2011), the 4-peak structure of N e at 660 km observed with the DEMETER satellite is the most pronounced in September while a 3-peak structure appears in March and December.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

A comparison of a model using the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data with the IRI model

2012

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In this study, an empirical model constructed using data of FORMOSAT3/COSMIC (F3/C) from 29 June, 2006, to 17 October, 2009, retrieves altitude profiles of electron density (N e ). The model derives global N e profiles from 150 to 590 km altitude as functions of the solar EUV flux, day of year, local time and location under geomagnetically quiet conditions (K p < 4). N e profiles derived by the model are further compared with those of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI). Results show that the F 2 peak altitude h m F 2 and the electron density N m F 2 , as well as the electron density above, derived by the model are lower than those of the IRI model. The F3/C model reproduces observations of F3/C well at 410-km altitude while the IRI model overestimates them. The overestimation of the IRI model becomes large with decrease of EUV flux. It is found that the topside vertical scale height of the F3/C model shows high values not only magnetic dip equator but also middle latitude. The results differ significantly from those of IRI, but agree with those observed by topside sounders, Alouette and ISIS satellites.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

A comparison of a model using the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data with the IRI model

2012

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“…A good example is the recently discovered four maxima structure in the longitudinal variation of F-peak electron density and of ionospheric electron content that was first observed with IMAGE/EUV observations (Immel et al 2006), and then confirmed with data from CHAMP (Lühr et al 2007) and TOPEX (Scherliess et al 2008), and that is thought to be caused by nonmigrating, diurnal atmospheric tides that are driven by tropospheric weather in the tropics. While theoretical models still struggle to include this phenomenon in their modeling framework, inspection of the longitudinal variation of the F-peak density value NmF2 in IRI revealed that IRI already reproduces this phenomenon (McNamara et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The International Reference Ionosphere 2012 – a model of international collaboration

Bilitza

Altadill²,

Zhang

et al. 2014

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

549

347

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The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) project was established jointly by the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) and the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) in the late sixties with the goal to develop an international standard for the specification of plasma parameters in the Earth's ionosphere. COSPAR needed such a specification for the evaluation of environmental effects on spacecraft and experiments in space, and URSI for radiowave propagation studies and applications. At the request of COSPAR and URSI, IRI was developed as a data-based model to avoid the uncertainty of theory-based models which are only as good as the evolving theoretical understanding. Being based on most of the available and reliable observations of the ionospheric plasma from the ground and from space, IRI describes monthly averages of electron density, electron temperature, ion temperature, ion composition, and several additional parameters in the altitude range from 60 km to 2000 km. A working group of about 50 international ionospheric experts is in charge of developing and improving the IRI model. Over time as new data became available and new modeling techniques emerged, steadily improved editions of the IRI model have been published. This paper gives a brief history of the IRI project and describes the latest version of the model, IRI-2012. It also briefly discusses efforts to develop a real-time IRI model. The IRI homepage is at http://IRImodel.org.

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“…A prominent four-peak longitudinal structure of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) has been discovered by global satellite observations [e.g., Sagawa et al, 2005;England et al, 2006a;Immel et al, 2006;Lin et al, 2007]. In addition, according to modeling works, the longitudinal dependence of tropospheric convection has been shown to be an important source for the excitation of solar nonmigrating (non-Sun-synchronous) tides that propagate upward to the thermosphere, including the diurnal eastward-propagating tide with zonal wave number 3 (DE3), which has four peaks in the local-time fixed frame [e.g., Forbes, 2002, 2003;Miyoshi, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical connection from the tropospheric activities to the ionospheric longitudinal structure simulated by a new Earth's whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model

et al. 2011

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[1] This paper introduces a new Earth's atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model that treats seamlessly the neutral atmospheric region from the troposphere to the thermosphere as well as the thermosphere-ionosphere interaction including the electrodynamics selfconsistently. The model is especially useful for the study of vertical connection between the meteorological phenomena and the upper atmospheric behaviors. As an initial simulation using the coupled model, we have carried out a 30 day consecutive run in September. The result reveals that the longitudinal structure of the F-region ionosphere varies on a day-to-day basis in a highly complex way and that a four-peak structure of the daytime equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) similar to the recent observations appears as an averaged feature. The simulation reproduces and thus confirms the vertical coupling processes proposed so far with respect to the formation of the averaged EIA longitudinal structure; the excitation of solar nonmigrating tides in the troposphere, their propagation through the middle atmosphere, and the modulation of ionospheric dynamo, which in turn affects EIA generation. The simulation result indicates that not only the ionospheric averaged longitudinal structure but also the day-to-day variation can be modulated significantly by the lower atmospheric effect.

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Control of equatorial ionospheric morphology by atmospheric tides

Cited by 597 publications

References 26 publications

A comparison of a model using the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data with the IRI model

A comparison of a model using the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data with the IRI model

The International Reference Ionosphere 2012 – a model of international collaboration

Vertical connection from the tropospheric activities to the ionospheric longitudinal structure simulated by a new Earth's whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model

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