Control of electron transfer in nitrogenase

Seefeldt, Lance C.; Peters, John W.; Beratan, David N.; Bothner, Brian; Raugei, Simone; Hoffman, Brian M.

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.08.011

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The heterotetramer contains a [4Fe‐4S] cluster and two ATP binding sites. The dinitrogenase reductase is a homodimer of approximately 60–70 kDa, and the subunit is encoded by NifH , which acts to transfer electrons from the external electron donors (ferredoxins or flavodoxins) to dinitrogenase . Nitrogenase conversion efficiency is lower than [FeFe]‐hydrogenase and [NiFe]‐hydrogenase .…”

Section: Hydrogen Synthesizing Enzymes In Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal Hydrogen Production

et al. 2020

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Microalgae, as facultative aerobic organisms, convert solar energy to produce biohydrogen under anaerobic condition. Biohydrogen is a kind of ideal clean and renewable energy source with great commercial potential. Many endeavors have been focused on improving the biohydrogen yields by various means. Here, the research history of hydrogen production by microalgae (including cyanobacteria and green algae), the characteristics of nitrogenase and hydrogenase, the mechanisms of hydrogen production, the technological progress, and the application of enzymatic, genetic, and metabolic engineering methods to improve hydrogen production by microalgae are reviewed. In addition, the regulation of anaerobic metabolisms of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii after the disruption of key enzymes functioning in the fermentative pathways is discussed. Finally, the main challenges and obstacles facing the more efficient production and commercialization of hydrogen production from microalgae in the future are proposed.

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Section: Hydrogen Synthesizing Enzymes In Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal Hydrogen Production

et al. 2020

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“…N 2 fixation requires a significant number of metalloproteins of the photosynthetic and respiratory metabolism, which have high Fe and Cu requirements [40,144,145,146], to provide energy and electrons to this essential biological process for the nitrogen cycle [144]. Nitrogenases contain 38 atoms of Fe and either two Mo or two V atoms [147,148]. Other metalloenzymes are crucial to manage efficiently reactive oxygen species generated during the metabolism of heterocysts, while some metalloproteins are especially important in Fe storage, which is the most required transition metal in heterocysts [40,144,149].…”

Section: Cyanobacteria and Heterocystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dinitrogenase reductase is also known as Fe protein and contains one [4Fe–4S] cluster and two ATP binding sites. In turn, the dinitrogenase is also called MoFe protein (in Mo nitrogenases), VFe protein (in V nitrogenases) or FeFe protein (in Fe nitrogenases) and houses an electron-transfer P cluster as well as the active-site metal cofactor FeMo-co, FeV-co, or FeFe-co, respectively [148]. All nitrogenases consume high amounts of ATP and reducing equivalents, thus, heterocysts keep the respiratory and, partially, the photosynthetic electron transport chains around the PSI to support photophosphorylation and reduction of Fd in order to provide nitrogenase enzymes with energy and electrons [85].…”

Section: Metalloproteins In N2 Fixation and H2 Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This association initiates a series of events that result in transfer of an electron from NifH to the FeMo-co, hydrolysis of two ATP molecules into two ADP and two inorganic phosphates, phosphate release, and dissociation of NifH from NifDK. At this step, NifH is oxidized and contains two bound ADP, while NifDK is reduced by one electron [148,154]. Electrons are transferred sequentially from the [4Fe–4S] cluster of NifH to the M cluster of NifDK through the P cluster.…”

Section: Metalloproteins In N2 Fixation and H2 Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metalloproteins in the Biology of Heterocysts

Pernil

Schleiff

2019

Life

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Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophic microorganisms present in almost all ecologically niches on Earth. They exist as single-cell or filamentous forms and the latter often contain specialized cells for N2 fixation known as heterocysts. Heterocysts arise from photosynthetic active vegetative cells by multiple morphological and physiological rearrangements including the absence of O2 evolution and CO2 fixation. The key function of this cell type is carried out by the metalloprotein complex known as nitrogenase. Additionally, many other important processes in heterocysts also depend on metalloproteins. This leads to a high metal demand exceeding the one of other bacteria in content and concentration during heterocyst development and in mature heterocysts. This review provides an overview on the current knowledge of the transition metals and metalloproteins required by heterocysts in heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria. It discusses the molecular, physiological, and physicochemical properties of metalloproteins involved in N2 fixation, H2 metabolism, electron transport chains, oxidative stress management, storage, energy metabolism, and metabolic networks in the diazotrophic filament. This provides a detailed and comprehensive picture on the heterocyst demands for Fe, Cu, Mo, Ni, Mn, V, and Zn as cofactors for metalloproteins and highlights the importance of such metalloproteins for the biology of cyanobacterial heterocysts.

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“…Schematic structure of nitrogenase, where R and R* are the ligands. The figure was rearranged from Seefeldt et al[23].…”

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confidence: 99%

A Review of the Enhancement of Bio-Hydrogen Generation by Chemicals Addition

Sun

Yang

et al. 2019

Catalysts

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Bio-hydrogen production (BHP) produced from renewable bio-resources is an attractive route for green energy production, due to its compelling advantages of relative high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and lower ecological impact. This study reviewed different BHP pathways, and the most important enzymes involved in these pathways, to identify technological gaps and effective approaches for process intensification in industrial applications. Among the various approaches reviewed in this study, a particular focus was set on the latest methods of chemicals/metal addition for improving hydrogen generation during dark fermentation (DF) processes; the up-to-date findings of different chemicals/metal addition methods have been quantitatively evaluated and thoroughly compared in this paper. A new efficiency evaluation criterion is also proposed, allowing different BHP processes to be compared with greater simplicity and validity.

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Control of electron transfer in nitrogenase

Cited by 46 publications

References 32 publications

Microalgal Hydrogen Production

Microalgal Hydrogen Production

Metalloproteins in the Biology of Heterocysts

A Review of the Enhancement of Bio-Hydrogen Generation by Chemicals Addition

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