Control of Bovine Rabies Through Vampire Bat Control

Fornes, Abel; Lord, Rexford D.; Kuns, M. L.; Larghi, O. P.; Fuenzalida, E; Lazara, Luis

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-10.4.310

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The presence of VBRV would also create new risks to humans that interact with bats or infected livestock and to wildlife such as sea lions that constitute an important food source for coastal vampire bats (28). Culling vampire bats failed to stop advancing VBRV epidemics in Argentina and could conceivably exacerbate viral spread if culls promote bat dispersal, as was observed in badger culls aiming to control bovine tuberculosis in the United Kingdom (10,29,30). We therefore advocate heightened surveillance, preventative livestock vaccination, and educational campaigns to reduce the burden of impeding epidemics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host–pathogen evolutionary signatures reveal dynamics and future invasions of vampire bat rabies

Streicker

Winternitz

Satterfield

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

120

151

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Anticipating how epidemics will spread across landscapes requires understanding host dispersal events that are notoriously difficult to measure. Here, we contrast host and virus genetic signatures to resolve the spatiotemporal dynamics underlying geographic expansions of vampire bat rabies virus (VBRV) in Peru. Phylogenetic analysis revealed recent viral spread between populations that, according to extreme geographic structure in maternally inherited host mitochondrial DNA, appeared completely isolated. In contrast, greater population connectivity in biparentally inherited nuclear microsatellites explained the historical limits of invasions, suggesting that dispersing male bats spread VBRV between genetically isolated female populations. Host nuclear DNA further indicated unanticipated gene flow through the Andes mountains connecting the VBRV-free Pacific coast to the VBRV-endemic Amazon rainforest. By combining Bayesian phylogeography with landscape resistance models, we projected invasion routes through northern Peru that were validated by real-time livestock rabies mortality data. The first outbreaks of VBRV on the Pacific coast of South America could occur by June 2020, which would have serious implications for agriculture, wildlife conservation, and human health. Our results show that combining host and pathogen genetic data can identify sex biases in pathogen spatial spread, which may be a widespread but underappreciated phenomenon, and demonstrate that genetic forecasting can aid preparedness for impending viral invasions.Desmodus | zoonotic disease | forecasting | sex bias | spatial dynamics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host–pathogen evolutionary signatures reveal dynamics and future invasions of vampire bat rabies

Streicker

Winternitz

Satterfield

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

120

151

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“…Se suma a este cuadro, la poca concientización de los productores y la ineficiencia de la vigilancia epidemiológica de las instituciones oficiales responsables por el control. Se considera que por cada caso de rabia que sucede, otros diez no son notificados (49) .…”

Section: Medidas De Estudio Y Controlunclassified

“…Estas técnicas requieren de personal capacitado para su ejecución, pues es necesario diferenciar las especies de murciélagos y saber cómo manipularlos (53) . Deben evitarse excesos en la aplicación de la pasta vampiricida puesto que pueden presentarse muertes precoces de los murciélagos tratados, reduciendo la posibilidad de contacto con otros individuos de su colonia (49) . Ambos métodos deben comprometer únicamente a D. rotundus, evitando trastornos en otras especies, que desempeñan un papel importante en el mantenimiento del equilibrio ecológico (49) .…”

Section: Medidas De Estudio Y Controlunclassified

Murciélagos hematófagos como reservorios de la rabia

Scheffer¹,

Iamamoto²,

Asano³

et al. 2014

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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RESUMENLa rabia continua siendo un desafío para las autoridades de salud pública y una limitante para la industria ganadera en América Latina. Caninos silvestres y domésticos, así como murciélagos hematófagos son las principales especies transmisoras y reservorios de la enfermedad. Actualmente, se observa variaciones en el perfil epidemiológico de la rabia, donde la especie de murciélago hematófago Desmodus rotundus se constituye en la principal especie transmisora. A lo largo del tiempo se ha acumulado conocimiento sobre la ecología, biología y comportamiento de esta especie y sobre la historia natural de la rabia, lo cual debe conducir a una continua evolución de los métodos de control poblacional de D. rotundus, prevención y técnicas de diagnóstico. Aún se desconoce la relación ecológica de esta especie con otras hematófagas y no hematófagas, y queda mucho por mejorar en los sistemas de notificación y vigilancia epidemiológica, así como crear una mayor conciencia entre los ganaderos ante el tema. La comprensión del impacto que las modificaciones ambientales inducidas por el hombre ejercen sobre la dinámica de infección del virus de la rabia en los murciélagos debe ser motivo de investigaciones posteriores. Esto requerirá la combinación de estudios de campo con modelos matemáticos y nuevas herramientas diagnósticas. La presente revisión pretende presentar los aspectos más relevantes sobre el rol de los murciélagos hematófagos como reservorios y transmisores del virus de la rabia. Palabras clave: Murciélagos; Reservorios; Rabia (fuente: DeCS BIREME). HEMATOPHAGOUS BATS AS RESERVOIRS OF RABIES ABSTRACTRabies continues to be a challenge for public health authorities and a constraint to the livestock industry in Latin America. Wild and domestic canines and vampire bats are the main transmitter species and reservoirs of the disease. Currently, variations observed in the epidemiological profile of rabies, where the species of hematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus constitutes the main transmitting species. Over the years, knowledge has accumulated about the ecology, biology and behavior of this species and the natural history of rabies, which should lead to continuous development of methods of population control of d. Rotundus as well as prevention and diagnostic tools for rabies. Ecological relationships of this species with other hematophagous and non-hematophagous bats is unknown, and there is much room for improvement in reporting systems and surveillance, as well as creating greater awareness among the farming community. Understanding the impact of human-induced environmental changes on the rabies virus in bats should be cause for further investigation. This will require a combination of field studies with mathematical models and new diagnostic tools. This review aims to present the most relevant issues on the role of hematophagous bats as reservoirs and transmitters of the rabies virus.

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“…Dessa forma, a epidemia acompanha os deslocamentos dos morcegos raivosos entre seus abrigos (FORNES 1974).…”

Section: Discussões E Conclusãounclassified

Análise da mudança da cobertura e uso da terra dos municípios de Jacarei e Santa Branca-SP como subsídio ao estudo das ocorrências de raiva transmitida por morcegos

Ferrari

Barros²,

Gomes

et al. 2011

Soc. nat.

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Neste trabalho avaliou-se a influência do uso e cobertura da terra nas ocorrências de raiva animal nos municípios de Jacareí e Santa Branca, Vale do Paraíba, Estado de São Paulo. Combinou-se o mapeamento a partir de imagens TM/Landsat-5 com os dados de ocorrência da enfermidade, entre 2002 e 2009. Animais silvestres atropelados em rodovias, morcegos urbanos e Desmodus rotundus de áreas rurais e animais de fazenda de interesse econômico foram considerados. Dez amostras foram positivas para raiva, três de morcegos insetívoros da área urbana de Jacareí e sete animais de fazenda de interesse econômico, sendo dois de Jacareí e cinco de Santa Branca. Nenhum dos animais silvestres avaliados foram raiva-positivos. A análise da dinâmica da cobertura e uso da terra não evidenciou alteração significante. Embora a enfermidade ocorresse sem uma aparente mudança na região, provavelmente devido à escala de análise utilizada, concluiu-se que a classe reflorestamento e agropecuária foram relacionadas à enfermidade, por ocorrerem com maior freqüência na área analisada.

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Control of Bovine Rabies Through Vampire Bat Control

Cited by 34 publications

References 4 publications

Host–pathogen evolutionary signatures reveal dynamics and future invasions of vampire bat rabies

Host–pathogen evolutionary signatures reveal dynamics and future invasions of vampire bat rabies

Murciélagos hematófagos como reservorios de la rabia

Análise da mudança da cobertura e uso da terra dos municípios de Jacarei e Santa Branca-SP como subsídio ao estudo das ocorrências de raiva transmitida por morcegos

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