Control of blood volume

Blood Volume and Sodium Retention in the Nephrotic Syndrome: A Controversial Pathophysiological Concept

“…Of course, there must be a limit to this homeostatic mechanism, which is related to the maximal lymph flow rate and the minimal interstitial COP. This was illustrated in experi ments where dogs were progressively protein depleted by plasmapheresis [78]. While plasma protein concentration was reduced from 7.0 to 4.5 g/1, BV was preserved, and a decrease of BV was seen (together with sodium retention) when protein was further lowered to 2.5 g/l.…”

“…For a more general discussion, the reader is referred to recent excellent reviews [48,49,77,78,111], Acute reduction of plasma proteins leads to decreased colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of the plasma and loss of fluid from the vascular compartment. The resulting de crease in circulating volume will, by mechanisms as yet incompletely understood [100], induce the kidney to retain sodium and water.…”

Body Fluid Dynamics

“…77 The kidney primarily modifies sodium balance in response to ECBV derangements. 78-80 While the kidney's set point focuses on the vascular compartment, its homeostatic response affects the entire ECF as sodium distributes throughout this compartment. Thus, only the vascular compartment is actively regulated, while homeostasis of the significantly larger extravascular ECF, particularly the interstitium, depends primarily on local autoregulation.…”

“…Thus, only the vascular compartment is actively regulated, while homeostasis of the significantly larger extravascular ECF, particularly the interstitium, depends primarily on local autoregulation. 81, 80 …”