Control of AHPND by phages: a promising biotechnological approach

Angulo, Carlos; Loera‐Muro, Abraham; Trujillo, Edgar; Luna‐González, Antonio

doi:10.1111/raq.12275

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…The life cycle of bacteriophages includes either a lytic stage (bacteriolytic) or a lysogenic stage ( Figure 6 ). Since, the emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance problem in animals and humans, the use of phages as a therapeutic agent (shows an effective bacteriolytic activity) is advantageous as it is natural and relatively inexpensive, without serious or irreversible side effects reported to date [ 107 , 108 , 109 ]. In shrimp aquaculture, the use of phage therapy is well-documented; work is still going on to develop a commercial phage product for shrimp aquaculture.…”

Section: Control and Management Of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (Ahpnd)—current Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Virulence, Pathogenesis and Mitigation Strategies in Shrimp Aquaculture

Kumar

Roy

Behera

et al. 2021

Toxins

108

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Shrimp, as a high-protein animal food commodity, are one of the fastest growing food producing sectors in the world. It has emerged as a highly traded seafood product, currently exceeding 8 MT of high value. However, disease outbreaks, which are considered as the primary cause of production loss in shrimp farming, have moved to the forefront in recent years and brought socio-economic and environmental unsustainability to the shrimp aquaculture industry. Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by Vibrio spp., is a relatively new farmed penaeid shrimp bacterial disease. The shrimp production in AHPND affected regions has dropped to ~60%, and the disease has caused a global loss of USD 43 billion to the shrimp farming industry. The conventional approaches, such as antibiotics and disinfectants, often applied for the mitigation or cure of AHPND, have had limited success. Additionally, their usage has been associated with alteration of host gut microbiota and immunity and development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens. For example, the Mexico AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus strain (13-306D/4 and 13-511/A1) were reported to carry tetB gene coding for tetracycline resistance gene, and V. campbellii from China was found to carry multiple antibiotic resistance genes. As a consequence, there is an urgent need to thoroughly understand the virulence mechanism of AHPND-causing Vibrio spp. and develop novel management strategies to control AHPND in shrimp aquaculture, that will be crucially important to ensure food security in the future and offer economic stability to farmers. In this review, the most important findings of AHPND are highlighted, discussed and put in perspective, and some directions for future research are presented.

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Section: Control and Management Of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (Ahpnd)—current Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Virulence, Pathogenesis and Mitigation Strategies in Shrimp Aquaculture

Kumar

Roy

Behera

et al. 2021

Toxins

108

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“…Due to the emergence of VP AHPND and its multidrug resistant isolates, effective tools to control and combat these pathogens are urgently needed. Most recently, Angulo et al revealed a number of studies and research reports on using phages as a biocontrol for the wide spread of AHPND 26 . Until now, even though many phages have been reported to target V. parahaemolyticus, only phage pVp-1 has been found to effectively kill VP AHPND .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In aquaculture, phage application using various potent lytic phages has been proven successful in preventing vibriosis by V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V. coralliilyticus, V. anguillarum, V. cyclitrophicus, V. splendidus as well as V. parahaemolyticus 24,25 . During the past few years, many phages, such as VP882, Vp1, Vpms1, A3S, VpKK5, and VVP1, have been isolated from natural resources exhibiting potent antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus 26 . However, due to the high specificity of phage, this renders their use too narrow and thus impractical.…”

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confidence: 99%

A novel vibriophage exhibits inhibitory activity against host protein synthesis machinery

Thammatinna

Egan

Htoo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Since the emergence of deadly pathogens and multidrug-resistant bacteria at an alarmingly increased rate, bacteriophages have been developed as a controlling bioagent to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria. One of these pathogens, disease-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp AHPND ) which induces acute hepatopancreatic necrosis, is considered one of the deadliest shrimp pathogens, and has recently become resistant to various classes of antibiotics. Here, we discovered a novel vibriophage that specifically targets the vibrio host, VP AHPND . The vibriophage, designated Seahorse, was classified in the family Siphoviridae because of its icosahedral capsid surrounded by head fibers and a non-contractile long tail. Phage Seahorse was able to infect the host in a broad range of pH and temperatures, and it had a relatively short latent period (nearly 30 minutes) in which it produced progeny at 72 particles per cell at the end of its lytic cycle. Upon phage infection, the host nucleoid condensed and became toroidal, similar to the bacterial DNA morphology seen during tetracycline treatment, suggesting that phage Seahorse hijacked host biosynthesis pathways through protein translation. As phage Seahorse genome encodes 48 open reading frames with many hypothetical proteins, this genome could be a potential untapped resource for the discovery of phage-derived therapeutic proteins.Vibrio is a genus of motile Gram-negative bacteria that possesses a curved-rod cell shape with a single flagellum. Vibrios are abundant and diverse bacteria that are typically found in marine habitats. The genus Vibrio consists of 14 recognized clades and at least 86 different species 1 . While some of them are not pathogenic, many can cause serious health effects in both human and aquatic life. Due to the continuously rising ocean temperature, the composition of vibrio in the ocean microbiome has been reported to be higher than usual 2-4 . This vibrio-rich environment might increase the incident of a vibrio outbreak in the near future posing risks to global health 2 .Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which is one of the disease-causing Vibrio species, is pathogenic to both humans and marine animals 5 . Consumption of raw seafoods contaminated with the bacteria can cause acute gastroenteritis 5,6 . This opportunistic bacterium is also able to infect through an open wound which can lead to sepsis and, in rare cases, subsequent death in immunocompromised patients 7,8 . Moreover, V. parahaemolyticus that has acquired a plasmid encoding the deadly binary toxins PirA vp /PirB vp is even more virulent 9 . The V. parahaemolyticus strain harboring the plasmid has been found to cause a newly emerging disease in shrimp, known as acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) 9 . Moreover, the AHPND-causing plasmid is also found to be transferable among other vibrios, increasing the chance of the disease spreading regionally and globally 10 . Unsurprisingly, the spread of AHPND has been reported in many countries, including China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, Me...

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“…2018; Angulo et al . 2019). The resistance of phages to chemical and physical factors such as temperature, salinity, UV, and others, differs according to their intrinsic characteristics (Jończyk et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of vibriophage vB_Vc_SrVc9: an effective agent in preventingVibrio campbelliiinfections in brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia franciscana)

Lomelí-Ortega¹,

Martínez-Sández

Barajas-Sandoval³

et al. 2020

J. Appl. Microbiol.

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Aims This study describes the physicochemical and genomic characterization of phage vB_Vc_SrVc9 and its potential for phage therapy application against a pathogenic Vibrio campbellii strain. Methods and Results A lytic phage vB_Vc_SrVc9 against V. campbellii was isolated from shrimp farm sediment, and characterized physicochemical and genomically. The use of vB_Vc_SrVc9 phage increased the survival in brine shrimp Artemia franciscana and reduced presumptive V. campbellii to nondetectable numbers. Genomic analysis showed a genome with a single contig of 43·15 kb, with 49 predicted genes and no tRNAs, capable of recognizing and generating complete inhibition zones of three Vibrio sp. Conclusions To our knowledge vB_Vc_SrVc9 is a lytic phage that could be used against Vibrio infections, reducing vibrio presence without any apparent impact over the natural microbiota at the family level in 28 libraries tested. Significance and Impact of the Study vB_Vc_SrVC9 is a novel phage and ecofriendly alternative for therapeutic applications and biotechnological purposes because is stable at different environmental conditions, has the potential to eliminate several strains, and has a short latent period with a good burst size. Therefore, the use of phages, which are natural killers of bacteria, represents a promising strategy to reduce the mortality of farmed organisms caused by pathogenic bacteria.

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Control of AHPND by phages: a promising biotechnological approach

Cited by 9 publications

References 104 publications

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Virulence, Pathogenesis and Mitigation Strategies in Shrimp Aquaculture

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Virulence, Pathogenesis and Mitigation Strategies in Shrimp Aquaculture

A novel vibriophage exhibits inhibitory activity against host protein synthesis machinery

Isolation and characterization of vibriophage vB_Vc_SrVc9: an effective agent in preventingVibrio campbelliiinfections in brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia franciscana)

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