Control efficacy of Ca‐containing foliar fertilizers on bitter pit in bagged ‘Fuji’ apple and effects on the Ca and N contents of apple fruits and leaves

Yu, Xianmei; Wang, Jinzheng; Nie, Pin; Xue, Xiaomin; Wang, Guiping; An, Malaviya

doi:10.1002/jsfa.9087

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…The growth rates in fleshes were high than that in peels and leaves, indicating that the trimetallic complex can improve the accumulation of N in the fruit flesh. The results were inconsistent with the N contents regulated by inorganic calcium salt ( 45 ), demonstrating the promotion effect of MRPs to the accumulation of N content. However, the mechanism remains unclear.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Many studies have been carried out to study the spray effect of metal salts ( 35 – 37 ), metal oxides ( 38 , 39 ), and metal complexes ( 40 – 43 ) on plant growth. Ca sprays are more effective than soil applications at allocating and increasing the Ca content in the apple fruits and could help reduce the incidence of Ca-related disorders ( 44 , 45 ). Zn sprays enhance the fruit Zn content and result in the higher activities of carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes, contributing to the accumulation of carbohydrates ( 46 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano-Sized Antioxidative Trimetallic Complex Based on Maillard Reaction Improves the Mineral Nutrients of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)

et al. 2022

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The metallic complex is widely used in agricultural applications. Due to the oxidation of the metal and environmental unfriendliness of ligand, maintaining an efficient mineral supply for plants without causing environmental damage is difficult. Herein, an antioxidative trimetallic complex with high stability was synthesized by interacting Ca2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+ with the biocompatible ligands from the Maillard reaction. The composite structure elucidation was carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Thermal stability was measured by thermogravimetric (TG). Antioxidative activities were evaluated by ferric reducing antioxidant power and radical scavenging activity assays. The three metals were successfully fabricated on the Maillard reaction products (MRPs) with contents of Ca (9.01%), Fe (8.25%), and Zn (9.67%). Microscopy images revealed that the three metals were uniformly distributed on the MRPs with partial aggregation of <30 nm. FTIR and XPS results revealed that the metals were interacted with MRPs by metal–O and metal–N bonds. TG and antioxidative activity assays showed that the trimetallic complex meets the requirements of thermodynamics and oxidation resistance of horticultural applications. Additionally, the results of the exogenous spraying experiment showed that the trimetallic complex significantly increased the mineral contents of the “Fuji” apple. By treatment with the complex, the concentrations of Ca, Fe, and Zn were increased by 85.4, 532.5, and 931.1% in the leaf; 16.0, 225.2, and 468.6% in the peel; and 117.6, 217.9, and 19.5% in the flesh, respectively. The MRP-based complexes offered a higher growth rate of the mineral content in apples than ones based on sugars or amino acids. The results of the spraying experiment carried out in 2 years show that the method has high reproducibility. This study thus promotes the development of green metallic complexes and expands the scope of agrochemical strategy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Sized Antioxidative Trimetallic Complex Based on Maillard Reaction Improves the Mineral Nutrients of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)

et al. 2022

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“…Lee et al (2016) demonstrated that the relationship between intracellular Ca concentration and tipburn in Brassica oleracea differed between genotypes and were correlated with differential expression of a number of transporter and stress response genes. In apple, Ca deficiency is called bitter bit, reflecting that the fruit skin develop pits and that brown spots appear on the skin and/or in flesh, resulting in a bitter taste (Buti et al, 2018;Yu XM et al, 2018). Calcium deficiency in carrot leads to cavity spot, characterised by oval necrotic spots developing into craters.…”

Section: Calcium Deficiency Symptoms Linked To Functional Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular–physiological functions of mineral macronutrients and their consequences for deficiency symptoms in plants

et al. 2020

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Summary The visual deficiency symptoms developing on plants constitute the ultimate manifestation of suboptimal nutrient supply. In classical plant nutrition, these symptoms have been extensively used as a tool to characterise the nutritional status of plants and to optimise fertilisation. Here we expand this concept by bridging the typical deficiency symptoms for each of the six essential macronutrients to their molecular and physiological functionalities in higher plants. We focus on the most recent insights obtained during the last decade, which now allow us to better understand the links between symptom and function for each element. A deep understanding of the mechanisms underlying the visual deficiency symptoms enables us to thoroughly understand how plants react to nutrient limitations and how these disturbances may affect the productivity and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. A proper interpretation of visual deficiency symptoms will support the potential for sustainable crop intensification through the development of new technologies that facilitate automatised management practices based on imaging technologies, remote sensing and in‐field sensors, thereby providing the basis for timely application of nutrients via smart and more efficient fertilisation.

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“…Foliar application of urea is a common practice in apple orchards, particularly in conditions unfavorable for soil fertilization. Moreover, low levels of nitrogen are often incorporated in preharvest foliar sprays which are used to improve fruit quality, delay fruit ripening, or decrease postharvest fruit decay [11]. However, the present study displays negative impacts of low-doses of urea applied several times during the apple cell enlargement stage in the final stages of fruit development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…This nutrient is added to the soil or applied in the form of foliar fertilizers. This measure is implemented several times throughout the season starting from late June until the final week before harvest with the aim of improving apple fruit firmness, shelf life, as well as preventing some storage disorders [9][10][11]. Moreover, low-level nitrogen fertilizers are added on-leaf to quickly alleviate sudden nutrient deficiencies as they are readily available to the plant [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Response of ‘Topaz’ Apple Fruit to Minimal Application of Nitrogen during Cell Enlargement Stage

et al. 2021

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Nitrogen is an integral element of foliar sprays during apple fruit formation. However, in red cultivars, the application may have adverse effects on color in the second stage of fruit development. The effect of a low-dose foliar application of urea was monitored on ‘Topaz’ apple pomometric (fruit mass, firmness, total solids, starch content, skin color) and biochemical traits (primary metabolites, phenolic compounds, and assimilatory pigments). Three applications (17 July, 27 July, and 18 August) of two different urea doses (N1 = 1.4 kg N ha−1; N4 = 4 kg N ha−1) and control (N0, only sprayed with water) were used. Low doses of urea did not affect flesh firmness, total soluble, solid, and starch content, but individual fruit mass was significantly higher in N1 treatment compared to the other two treatments. Significantly lower a* parameters and a lower content of anthocyanins were measured on apples subject to N4 treatment. Many secondary metabolites (phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, and chalcones) were also negatively affected by low-dose urea application. Conversely, urea treatments significantly increased total assimilatory pigments in apple skin. Even minor levels of nitrogen, applied directly on the leaf at later stages of red apple fruit development, negatively altered color traits and the composition of metabolites.

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Control efficacy of Ca‐containing foliar fertilizers on bitter pit in bagged ‘Fuji’ apple and effects on the Ca and N contents of apple fruits and leaves

Abstract: Foliar fertilizer containing CaCl Ca(NO ) or Ca(HCOO) can be used at an early stage to control BP in apple and improve the quality of bagged apple fruits. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Nano-Sized Antioxidative Trimetallic Complex Based on Maillard Reaction Improves the Mineral Nutrients of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)

Nano-Sized Antioxidative Trimetallic Complex Based on Maillard Reaction Improves the Mineral Nutrients of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)

The molecular–physiological functions of mineral macronutrients and their consequences for deficiency symptoms in plants

Metabolic Response of ‘Topaz’ Apple Fruit to Minimal Application of Nitrogen during Cell Enlargement Stage

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