Contributions of the adaptive immune system to mood regulation: Mechanisms and pathways of neuroimmune interactions

Herkenham, Miles; Kigar, Stacey L.

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.09.003

Cited by 32 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 167 publications

(217 reference statements)

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“…In our study, higher levels of depression symptoms were associated with higher viral loads, a finding consistent with other studies (Amanor-Boadu et al, 2016;Herkenham & Kigar, 2016). However, this association was only found in women, the group with a smaller sample size.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Comparison of levels of anxiety and depression between women and men living with HIV of a Mexico City clinic

Caballero-Suárez

Rodríguez-Estrada

Candela-Iglesias

et al. 2017

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Introduction. Studies show that women with HIV have higher depression, anxiety symptoms and worse quality of life than men with HIV, but limited data on mental health status of people living with HIV (PLWH) is available in Mexico, hindering the development of specific mental health interventions. Objective. To compare the frequency and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms between men and women of a HIV specialized clinic of Mexico City. Method. Data were derived from a cross-sectional survey on condom use and serostatus disclosure carried out between 2012-2013. Data from Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and sociodemographic characteristics were included in this study. Non-parametric tests were used to compare sociodemographic, clinical and psychological variables and odds ratio were calculated. Results. 291 PLWH were included, 13.1% (n = 38) were women. Significant differences between genders were found in sociodemographic variables (age, marital status, occupation, education, sexual orientation), but not in clinical variables. Depression symptoms were present in 45% of women versus 18.6% of men (x 2 = 13.17, p < .001) and anxiety symptoms were present in 47.4% of women and 30% of men (x 2 = 4.53, p = .033). In unadjusted analysis, women had 3.5 times higher risk than men of presenting depression symptoms (OR = 3.54, 95% CI = 1.61-7.65, p < .001) and 2 times higher risk of having anxiety symptoms than men (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 0.98-4.42, p < .033). Discussion and conclusion. An important percentage of participants had depression and anxiety symptoms; women showed greater frequency and severity of symptoms as well as greater socioeconomic vulnerability. Mental health interventions are needed and should take into consideration the gender specific differences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Anxiety and especially depression have consistently been associated with poor antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence (Safren et al, 2016;Smith Fawzi et al, 2016;Tao et al, 2016;Tatum & Houston, 2016), and are linked to poor virological control and lower CD4 T cell counts (Amanor-Boadu et al, 2016;Herkenham & Kigar, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of levels of anxiety and depression between women and men living with HIV of a Mexico City clinic

Caballero-Suárez

Rodríguez-Estrada

Candela-Iglesias

et al. 2017

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“…These studies indicate that T cells may provide important modulatory functions on cytokine production in response to psychological stress. In support of this possibility, several studies, including work from our laboratory, have shown a beneficial role for CD4 + T cells in stress responsiveness [22, 23], hippocampal dependent memory [24, 25] and emotional behavior [26]. Moreover, studies also document a detrimental role for differentiated Th17 CD4 + cells during stress exposure [27], and for CD8+ T cells in models of stress-induced vascular inflammation in hypertension [28–30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

CD8+ T cells promote cytokine responses to stress

Clark

Song

et al. 2019

Cytokine

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Psychological stress is known to have profound effects on immune function and to promote inflammatory conditions. Elevated circulating levels of cytokines associated with stress are known to increase the risk to several diseases, but little is known about this mechanism. This study assessed the role of T cells on cytokine levels after exposure to stress in the learned helplessness paradigm. Adoptive transfer of CD4 T cells into Rag2 mice did not change cytokine levels to stress while CD8 T cells resulted in an increase in TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ in stressed Rag2 mice. Moreover, depletion of CD8 T cells in WT mice abolished these cytokine responses to stress. Corticosterone and behavioral stress responsiveness was impaired in Rag2 mice reconstituted with CD8 T cells. Notably, depletion of these cells in WT mice had no effect on behavior or corticosterone levels. Exposure to stress did not change the expression of canonical markers of T cell activation including CD62L and CD44 or modified intracellular cytokine content, suggesting that they are not the main producers of circulating cytokines in response to stress. These results show that CD8 T cells promote TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ responses to stress, possibly by stimulating non-lymphoid cells.

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“…Lymphocytes, the cells of the adaptive immune system, are found in almost every tissue and organ, including the brain (Kipnis et al, 2012). Accumulating evidence shows that lymphocytes influence behaviour by mediating direct or indirect production of cytokines and growth factors in specific compartments of the brain (Filiano et al, 2017;Herkenham & Kigar, 2017). A role for lymphocytes, mainly mediated by T lymphocytes, has been shown in memory Brynskikh et al, 2008;Wolf et al, 2009;Radjavi et al, 2014), emotional behaviours (Beurel et al, 2013;Rattazzi et al, 2013;Clark et al, 2014a) and stress responsiveness Lewitus et al, 2008;Clark et al, 2014bClark et al, , 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal adoptive transfer of lymphocytes rescues social behaviour during adolescence in immune‐deficient mice

Clark

Vaughn

Soroka

et al. 2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Accumulating evidence has shown that lymphocytes modulate behaviour and cognition by direct interactions with the central nervous system. Studies have shown that reconstitution by adoptive transfer of lymphocytes from wild type into immune-deficient mice restores a number of neurobehavioural deficits observed in these models. Moreover, it has been shown that these effects are mostly mediated by T lymphocytes. Studies of adoptive transfer thus far have employed adult mice, but whether lymphocytes may also modulate behaviour during development remains unknown. In this study, neonate lymphocyte-deficient Rag2 mice were reconstituted within 48 hours after birth with lymphoid cells from transgenic donors expressing green fluorescent protein, allowing for their identification in various tissues in recipient mice while retaining all functional aspects. Adolescent Rag2 and reconstituted Rag2 along with C57BL/6J wild-type mice underwent a series of behavioural tests, including open field, social interaction and sucrose preference tests. At 12 weeks, they were evaluated in the Morris water maze (MWM). Reconstituted mice showed changes in almost all aspects of behaviour that were assessed, with a remarkable complete rescue of impaired social behaviour displayed by adolescent Rag2 mice. Consistent with previous reports in adult mice, neonatal reconstitution in Rag2 mice restored spatial memory in the MWM. The presence of donor lymphocytes in the brain of neonatally reconstituted Rag2 mice was confirmed at various developmental points. These findings provide evidence that lymphocytes colonize the brain during post-natal development and modulate behaviour across the lifespan supporting a role for adaptive immunity during brain maturation.

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Contributions of the adaptive immune system to mood regulation: Mechanisms and pathways of neuroimmune interactions

Cited by 32 publications

References 167 publications

Comparison of levels of anxiety and depression between women and men living with HIV of a Mexico City clinic

Comparison of levels of anxiety and depression between women and men living with HIV of a Mexico City clinic

CD8+ T cells promote cytokine responses to stress

Neonatal adoptive transfer of lymphocytes rescues social behaviour during adolescence in immune‐deficient mice

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