Contributions of Robotics to the Safety and Efficacy of Invasive Monitoring With Stereoelectroencephalography

Abstract

The purpose of this review is to provide a discussion of the history and utility of robotics in invasive monitoring for epilepsy surgery using stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG). The authors conducted a literature review of available sources to describe how the advent of surgical robotics has improved the efficacy and ease of performing sEEG surgery. The sEEG method integrates anatomic, electrographic, and clinical information to test hypotheses regarding the localization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) and has been used in Europe since the 1950s. One of the primary benefits of robot-assisted sEEG implantation techniques is the ability to seamlessly transition between both orthogonal and oblique trajectory types using a single technique. Based on available information, it is our view that, when applied appropriately, robotic sEEG can have a low rate of complications and many advantages over both non-robotic sEEG implantation and traditional craniotomy-based invasive monitoring methods.

Frequency-Following Responses to Speech Sounds Are Highly Conserved across Species and Contain Cortical Contributions

“…Stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) electrodes were inserted into the brain using robotassisted implantation (Abel et al, 2018;Faraji et al, 2020). Twenty electrode trajectories in Hum1 (129 active electrode contacts) and eighteen trajectories in Hum2 (226 active electrode contacts) were inserted along different brain regions to test seizure localization hypotheses based on non-invasive evaluations (Chabardes et al, 2018).…”

Deconstructing the Cortical Sources of Frequency Following Responses to Speech: A Cross-species Approach

“…Stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) electrodes were stereotactically inserted in each hemisphere using robot-assisted implantation (57,91). Twenty trajectories were inserted along in different brain regions to test seizure localization hypotheses based on noninvasive evaluations (92).…”

“…Stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) electrodes were inserted into the brain using robotassisted implantation (Abel et al, 2018;Faraji et al, 2020). Twenty electrode trajectories in Hum1 (129 active electrode contacts) and eighteen trajectories Hum2 (226 active electrode contacts) were inserted along different brain regions to test seizure localization hypotheses based on non-invasive evaluations (Chabardes et al, 2018).…”

Accuracy of Robotic and Frame-Based Stereotactic Neurosurgery in a Phantom Model

“…The development of robotic techniques is challenging the gold-standard of frame-based stereotactic procedures in neurosurgery. Both methods are established for deep brain stimulation, stereoencephalography and biopsies of intracranial lesions (Neudorfer et al, 2018 ; Faraji et al, 2020 ). Numerous studies on robotics in neurosurgery are available, confirming a high level of accuracy and safety (Lefranc et al, 2015 ; de Benedictis et al, 2017 ; Fomenko and Serletis, 2018 ; Marcus et al, 2018 ; Spyrantis et al, 2018 , 2019 ; Philipp et al, 2021 ).…”