Contribution to sustainable and environmental friendly non-toxic CZTS solar cell with an innovative hybrid buffer layer

Modulation Effect of the Zn/Sn Ratio on Performance of Chloride-Fabricated CZTSSe Cells for Boosting 10%-Beyond Efficiencies

“…As the most competitive and promising candidate for high efficient photovoltaic deployment, kesterite sulfoselenide Cu 2 ZnSn­(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) has received continuous attention owing to its unique advantages of abundant nontoxic elements, a high absorption coefficient of >10 4 cm –1 , and a tunable band gap in the range of 0.95∼1.5 eV. − Even though the current record power conversion efficiency (PCE) has reached 13.0%, it is still far below its theoretical efficiency, and further breakthroughs are needed in device performance . Lots of research studies aimed at improving the performance of the absorber layers to enhance the device efficiency, including optimizing the precursor solution solvent, − improving the processing technologies, , post-treating the absorber surface, , doping elements, − and adjusting the element valence and also the element composition ratios. − Nonetheless, in-depth research efforts are still required to improve device performance.…”

“…1−3 Even though the current record power conversion efficiency (PCE) has reached 13.0%, it is still far below its theoretical efficiency, and further breakthroughs are needed in device performance. 4 Lots of research studies aimed at improving the performance of the absorber layers to enhance the device efficiency, including optimizing the precursor solution solvent, 5−7 improving the processing technologies, 8,9 post-treating the absorber surface, 10,11 doping elements, 12−15 and adjusting the element valence 16 and also the element composition ratios. 17−19 Nonetheless, in-depth research efforts are still required to improve device performance.…”

Efficiency enhancement of thin film solar cell by implementation of double–absorber and BSF layers: the effect of thickness and carrier concentration

“…Thus, various thin lm materials such as CIGS, CIS, CZTS, CZTSe, and CdTe have been studied for the fabrication of solar cells [1][2][3][4]. Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 − x Se x (CZTSSe) semiconductor is an excellent candidate as absorbers for thin lm solar cells.…”

“…CZTSSe has a high absorption coe cient (more than 10 4 cm − 1 ). This material also has a tunable bandgap that is controlled by S and Se contents in the material [2,3,[5][6][7][8][9]22].Copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) based solar cells are well known for their special features such as high e ciency, easy fabrication process, low cost, very high durability and stability, exibility and light weight. CIGS hasa high absorption coe cient of 10 5 cm − 1 in the visible solar spectrum and a direct bandgap that varies from 1.04 to 1.7 eV [10][11][12][13].In the fabrication process of solar cells, using a backsurface eld (BSF) layer is a solution to boost the e ciency of the solar cell.…”

Theoretical Analysis of Solar Cell Performance with Different Backsurface‐Filed Layers Utilizing Experimental Results of CdS Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser

“…However, it is important to note that the manufacturing of solar cell equipment is highly dependent on the availability and cost of materials used in its production process. In the thin‐film PV market, the CZTS (Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 ) semiconductor material has been introduced as a potential candidate for the absorber layer due to its suitable properties, [ 1–3 ] such as being an environmental friendly and abundant element in nature. [ 4 ] The typical CZTS thin‐film solar cell is based on the p‐CZTS/n‐CdS heterojunction structure.…”