Contribution of physico-chemical properties of interfaces on dispersibility, adhesion and flocculation of filler particles in rubber

Effect of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT) on properties of carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon black hybrid filler filled natural rubber nanocomposites

“…It is noted that the ENR-TESPT was prepared by mixing ENR and TESPT in an internal mixer at 130°C for 6 min. In addition, the filler samples were prepared by methods described elsewhere [8]. That is, about 4×1 cm strip of doublesided adhesive tape was immersed in the filler powder and then gently removed, repeating until it was uniformly coated by the filler, without applying pressure.…”

Effects of partial replacement of silica with surface modified nanocrystalline cellulose on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites

“…at 0ºC when the NCC was modified. It means that if nanocomposites were applied to the tire tread, low-rolling resistance can be achieved accompanied with maintained skid resistance [6][7]14]. Apparent crosslink density of nanocomposites is shown in Figure 6.…”

“…Silica has always been used as an important rubber reinforcing filler for its excellent reinforcing effect [1][2][3], the capability of reducing the heat build-up [4,5] and rolling resistance of rubber [6,7]. Therefore, silica as an indispensable filler in rubber products has been widely used and investigated.…”

Effect of coupling agent on surface free energy of organic modified attapulgite (OAT) powders and tensile strength of OAT/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber nanocomposites

“…The dispersive interaction and polar interaction of EPDM measured by sessile drop technique are 24.2 mJ/m 2 and 2.9 mJ/m 2 respectively [17]. The results of ΔG i (Table 2) indicated that the wetting of modified attapulgite by EPDM was thermodynamically favored.…”

“…The modification effect of fillers could be evaluated by the following three aspects: the interaction between fillers and matrix which can be analyzed by observing the micromorphology of interface between fillers and matrix on the surface of fracture and studying the changes of work of adhesion, the compatibility between fillers and polymers which could be analyzed by the surface energy and dispersive interaction of fillers in rubber matrix, and the mechanical properties of rubber composites which could be affected by the dispersibility of fillers in rubber matrix. Stockelhuber et al [17] and Park et al [18][19][20] predicted the dispersibility of fillers in polymers by comparing the surface energy of fillers and surface tension of elastomers. Stöckelhuber studied the dispersibility of a variety of fillers in many different types of rubber through interface energy characterization.…”