Contribution of motor vehicle emissions to surface ozone in urban areas: A case study in Beijing

Abstract

SUMMARYSurface ozone (O 3 ) pollution, a critical environmental challenge facing government agencies at all levels, is becoming more and more serious in China, especially in rapidly developing urban areas like Beijing. However, in China, few studies have evaluated the contribution of various pollution sources to surface O 3 , e.g. motor vehicles. In this paper, we combined a non-linear model with an analysis of motor vehicle emissions of NO x and VOCs in an integrated approach to estimate the contribution of motor vehicle emissions to surface O 3 . The model showed that, in urban areas of Beijing in 2000, the contribution of motor vehicle emissions to surface O 3 was 45.9%, and that elimination of 20.0% of motor vehicle emissions will lead to a 7.4% reduction in surface O 3 , while elimination of 20.0% of NO x or VOC emissions from motor vehicles will result in a 5.0% and 2.5% decline, respectively, in surface O 3 . In addition, elimination of 10,000 t of NO x from motor vehicles results in the same reduction in surface O 3 as elimination of 25,631 t of VOCs. Thus, controlling NO x emissions from motor vehicles is an effective way to control surface O 3 pollution in the study area.

A review of methods for quantifying contribution of vehicular emission to fine particulate matter

“…VOCs等, 尤其是NO x 和VOCs)的重要来源, 其对城市 大气中VOCs贡献率可高达40%~60% [127] . 此外, 机 动车对大气臭氧也有重要贡献 [128] . [53] , 因而一次 源与二次源的区分、 二次源对细颗粒物的贡献解析成 表 3 基于不同方法对北京地区机动车源的贡献解析结果 [129] 通过烟雾箱实验发现柴油车消耗单位 燃 料 排 放 产 物 经 过 二 次 转 化 后 , 产 生 的 SOA 约 为 POA的1.6倍.…”

Temporal and spatial variation in recent vehicular emission inventories in China based on dynamic emission factors

“…Meanwhile, ambient air quality in about 37.6%, 39.5%, 42.5%, and 33.3% of the Chinese cities failed to meet the Grade-II limits of the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Standard in 2006Standard in , 2007Standard in , 2008Standard in , and 2009, respectively, and in many cities, particularly the big and medium ones, urban air pollution has been characterized of coexistence of coal combustion-induced and motor vehicle exhaust-induced pollution (MEP, 2007(MEP, -2010. Recent source apportionment studies have revealed that motor vehicles were the major contributor to the ambient nonmethane volatile Liu et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2008a;Shao et al, 2009a;Shao et al, 2009b;Cheng et al, 2010).…”