Contribution of Infant Food Pouches and Other Commercial Infant Foods to the Diets of Infants: A Cross-sectional Study

Haszard, Jillian J; Heath, Anne-Louise M; Katiforis, Ioanna; Fleming, Elizabeth A; Taylor, Rachael W

doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.02.030

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.02.030

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Contribution of Infant Food Pouches and Other Commercial Infant Foods to the Diets of Infants: A Cross-sectional Study

Jillian J Haszard,

Anne-Louise M Heath,

Ioanna Katiforis

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

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Predicting human milk intake: a step forward for infant nutritional assessment

Bandyopadhyay,

Schulze

2024

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Predicting human milk intake: a step forward for infant nutritional assessment

Bandyopadhyay,

Schulze

2024

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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An Evaluation of the Nutritional and Promotional Profile of Commercial Foods for Infants and Toddlers in the United States

Coyle,

Shahid,

Parkins

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Despite growing concerns over the increasing popularity and health impact of commercial foods for infants and toddlers, no nutrition or promotional guidelines currently exist for the United States. In 2022, the WHO Regional Office for Europe published a nutrient and promotion profile model (NPPM) to provide guidance and regulation for commercially produced infant and toddler foods. This study assessed the nutritional and promotional profile of infant and toddler foods (6–36 months of age) collected from the top 10 grocery chains in 2023. Products were assessed against the WHO NPPM nutritional and promotional requirements. The type and number of claims across packaging type were also assessed. Of the 651 products examined, 60% failed to meet the nutritional requirements of the NPPM, and 0% met the promotional requirements. Almost 100% of products had at least 1 claim on-pack that was prohibited under the NPPM, with some products displaying up to 11 prohibited claims. Snack-size packages had the lowest compliance with nutrient requirements. These findings highlight that urgent work is needed to improve the nutritional quality of commercially produced infant and toddler foods in the United States. The high use of prohibited claims also suggests the need to regulate the type and number of claims allowed on-pack.

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Frequent Use of Baby Food Pouches in Infants and Young Children and Associations with Energy Intake and BMI: An Observational Study

McLean,

Bruckner,

Heath

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Objective: Most wet commercial infant foods are now sold in squeezable ‘pouches’. While multiple expert groups have expressed concern about their use, it is not known how commonly they are consumed and whether they impact energy intake or body mass index (BMI). The objectives were to describe pouch use, and determine associations with energy intake and BMI, in infants and young children. Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study of 933 young New Zealand children (6.0 months–3.9 years), pouch use was assessed by a questionnaire (‘frequent’ use was consuming food from a baby food pouch ≥5 times/week in the past month), usual energy intake using two 24-h recalls, and BMI z-score calculated using World Health Organization standards. Results: The sample broadly represented the wider population (27.1% high socioeconomic deprivation, 22.5% Māori). Frequent pouch use declined with age (infants 27%, toddlers 16%, preschoolers 8%). Few children were both frequent pouch users and regularly used the nozzle (infants 5%, toddlers 13%, preschoolers 8%). Preschoolers who were frequent pouch users consumed significantly less energy than non-users (−580 kJ [−1094, −67]), but infants (115 [−35, 265]) and toddlers (−206 [−789, 378]) did not appear to have a different energy intake than non-users. There were no statistically significant differences in the BMI z-score by pouch use. Conclusions: These results do not support the strong concerns expressed about their use, particularly given the lack of evidence for higher energy intake or BMI.

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Contribution of Infant Food Pouches and Other Commercial Infant Foods to the Diets of Infants: A Cross-sectional Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Predicting human milk intake: a step forward for infant nutritional assessment

Predicting human milk intake: a step forward for infant nutritional assessment

An Evaluation of the Nutritional and Promotional Profile of Commercial Foods for Infants and Toddlers in the United States

Frequent Use of Baby Food Pouches in Infants and Young Children and Associations with Energy Intake and BMI: An Observational Study

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