Contribution ofα,β-Amyrenone to the Anti-Inflammatory and Antihypersensitivity Effects ofAleurites moluccana(L.) Willd.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to analyze the constituents of the dichloromethane fraction obtained from A. moluccana and also to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of α,β-amyrenone isolated from A. moluccana in mice. The dichloromethane fraction was evaluated by gas chromatography and submitted to purification. The mixture of α,β-amyrenone was isolated and then evaluated using the carrageenan-induced paw-oedema or pleurisy and CFA-induced arthritis models in mice. Five triterpenes, α,β-amyrenone, glutinol, and α,β-amyrin were isolated from dichloromethane fraction of A. moluccana leaf extract. The mixture of α,β-amyrenone, dosed orally, was able to reduce mechanical hypersensitivity and paw-oedema induced by carrageenan, interfering with neutrophil migration. Similar results were observed in the carrageenan-induced pleurisy model. Repeated administration of the compounds was also effective in reducing the mechanical sensitization and oedema developed in the arthritis model induced by CFA. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that α,β-amyrenone interferes in both acute and chronic inflammatory processes. We can infer that these effects involve, at least in part, a reduction in the neutrophil migration. Therefore, it seems reasonable to suggest that α,β-amyrenone could represent a new therapeutic tool for the management of painful and inflammatory diseases, especially those presenting a chronic profile.

Sterols and Triterpenes: Antiviral Potential Supported by In-Silico Analysis

“…Both compounds have been reported to possess several pharmacological effects (e.g., anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive activities together with lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase, inhibitory activities) [ 20 ]. In addition, α-amyrenone has also shown strong virucidal activity against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in a low IC 50 value equal to 3.3 µM.…”

Biologically Active Triterpenoids and Their Cardioprotective and Anti- Inflammatory Effects

“…The chemical formula of α-amyrin(3α-hydroxy-urs-12-en-3-ol) is C 30 H 50 O (Figure 2), and its melting point is 184-186°C [103]; the chemical formula of β-amyrin(3β-hydroxy-olean-12-en-3-ol) is C 30 H 50 O (Figure 2) [106][107][108][109][110][111][112] and its melting point is 189-191°C [84]. Quintão et al (2014) demonstrated that AMY interferes in both acute and chronic inflammatory processes in mice by reducing mechanical hypersensitivity, mechanical sensitization, and oedema development in arthritis [86]. In a study by Krishnan et al (2014), significant decrease in edema was observed in rats by the administration of β-amyrin in a dose-dependent manner.…”

“…Many triterpenoids are known for exhibiting similar significant pharmacological properties; lupeol for example is known to have properties that significantly influence anti-inflammatory activities [86]. Lupeol (Lupa-21, 20(29) dien 3 beta-ol) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene (also known as Fagarsterol) under the lupane triterpene family, predominantly present in mango [87,88].…”

Physicochemical Characterization and Biological Activities of the Triterpenic Mixture α,β-Amyrenone

“…A study involving the oral administration of α-β-amyrenone mixture to mice demonstrated its ability to reduce mechanical hypersensitivity and carrageenan-induced paw edema, and interference with neutrophils migration was studied as well. [ 9 ]. Our group has also reported that the same mixture inhibited the production of nitric oxide and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and induced the production of IL-10 in murine macrophages J774 stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in addition to the inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression.…”