Contribution of Early Season Cowpea to Late Season Maize in the Savanna Zone of West Africa

Carsky, R. J.; Singh, B. B.; Oyewole, B. D.

doi:10.1080/01448765.2001.9754894

Cited by 72 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The nitrogen fertilizer replacement value (NFRV) of the legumes was estimated by the method described by Carsky et al (2001). The response of maize to fertilizer N in the maize and fallow plots were fitted to a linear model.…”

Section: Nitrogen Fertilizer Replacement Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Grain legume rotation benefits to maize in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria: fixed-nitrogen versus other rotation effects

Yusuf

Iwuafor

Abaidoo

et al. 2008

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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The yield increases often recorded in maize following grain legumes have been attributed to fixed-N and 'other rotation' effects, but these effects have rarely been separated. Field trials were conducted between 2003 and 2005 to measure these effects on maize following grain legumes in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. Maize was grown on plots previously cultivated to two genotypes each of soybean (TGx 1448-2E and SAMSOY-2) and cowpea (IT 96D-724 and SAMPEA-7), maize, and natural fallow. The plots were split into four N fertilizer rates (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha -1 ) in a split plot design. The total effect was calculated as the yield of maize following a legume minus the yield following maize, both without added N and the rotation effect was calculated as the difference between rotations at the highest N fertilizer rate. The legume genotypes fixed between 14 and 51 kg N ha -1 of their total N and had an estimated net N balance ranging from -29.8 to 9.5 kg N ha -1 . Positive N balance was obtained only when the nitrogen harvest index was greater than the proportion of N derived from atmosphere. The results also indicated that the magnitude of the fixed-N and other rotation effects varied widely and were influenced by the contributions of the grain legumes to the soil N-balance. In general, fixed-N effects ranged from 124 to 279 kg ha -1 while rotation effects ranged between 193 and 513 kg ha -1 . On average, maize following legumes had higher grain yield of 1.2 and 1.3-fold compared with maize after fallow or maize after maize, respectively.

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Section: Nitrogen Fertilizer Replacement Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Grain legume rotation benefits to maize in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria: fixed-nitrogen versus other rotation effects

Yusuf

Iwuafor

Abaidoo

et al. 2008

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…Since cowpea is grown mainly in the dry savanna and Sahel areas with no irrigation facilities, irregular rainfall especially early in the season have adverse effects on the growth of the crop. The drier zones of northern Nigeria and Niger harbor the largest area of cowpea production in the world but yields are only between 100 and 500 kg ha -1 , despite its five times higher biological potential (Carsky et al 2001). Niger is the second largest producer of cowpea after Nigeria yet it has the lowest average grain yield of 110 kg ha -1 (Table 1).…”

Section: Dimension Of Drought On Cowpea Production In Central and Wesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding drought tolerant cowpea: constraints, accomplishments, and future prospects

Agbicodo

Fatokun

Muranaka³

et al. 2009

Euphytica

161

144

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This review presents an overview of accomplishments on different aspects of cowpea breeding for drought tolerance. Furthermore it provides options to enhance the genetic potential of the crop by minimizing yield loss due to drought stress. Recent efforts have focused on the genetic dissection of drought tolerance through identification of markers defining quantitative trait loci (QTL) with effects on specific traits related to drought tolerance. Others have studied the relationship of the drought response and yield components, morphological traits and physiological parameters. To our knowledge, QTLs with effects on drought tolerance have not yet been identified in cowpea. The main reason is that very few researchers are working on drought tolerance in cowpea. Some other reasons might be related to the complex nature of the drought stress response, and partly to the difficulties associated with reliable and

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“…However, in most arable soils, unless very acidic, the solubility of RP is very low (Walker et al 2006). Phosphorus deficiency can limit nodule formation, N 2 fixation (Carsky et al 2001) and subsequent yield of grain legumes known to have a high P demand (Giller andCadish 1995, Schulze et al 2006). Former studies have shown that the combined application of RP with elemental sulphur (ES) can increase the P solubility of RP, which is assumed to be caused by sulphur-oxidizing bacteria such as Thiobacillus spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of combined fertilization with rock phosphate and elemental sulphur on yield and nutrient uptake of soybean

Brahim¹,

Niess²,

Pflipsen³

et al. 2017

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Brahim S., Niess A., Pflipsen M., Neuhoff D., Scherer H. (2017): Effect of combined fertilization with rock phosphate and elemental sulphur on yield and nutrient uptake of soybean. Plant Soil Environ., 63: 89-95.Greenhouse pot experiments were carried out in 2013 and 2014 at the University of Bonn, Germany, to study the effect of combined fertilization of rock phosphate (RP) with elemental sulphur (ES) on growth, grain yield and nutrient uptake of soybean. Treatments included RP, ES, combined application (RPES), triple superphosphate (SP), magnesium sulphate (MgS), SP and magnesium sulphate (SPMgS) and an unfertilized control. Combined fertilization (RPES) resulted in a significant increase of soil-plant analysis development (SPAD) values, grain yield, yield components and nitrogen and in part phosphorus uptake of the shoot. Single application of RP or ES only tended to affect crop growth and nutrient uptake. Application of MgS and/or SP significantly increased grain yield in both years suggesting an effect of sulphate.Keywords: pot trials; organic farming; phosphorous deficiency; Glycine max 89 Plant Soil Environ. Vol. 63, 2017, No. 2: 89-95 doi: 10.17221/22/2017-PSE types and mixtures of P and sulphur (S) fertilizers arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments included elemental sulphur with 95% S, magnesium sulphate (MgS), fine-ground rock phosphate with 11.4% P, either alone or combined with fine ground ES with 95% S (RPES), triple superphosphate (SP = (Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 × H 2 O), SPMgS and a zero-control (CON). Basal nutrient supply of all treatments is summarised in Table 1. Pots were set up on a turnable framework on drays allowing both regular randomization and exposition to outdoor air on hot and dry days. Soybeans (Glycine max L.) cv. Sultana were sown (2.5 cm depth) in April with a density of nine seeds per pot and later adjusted to three plants. In 2013 seeds were inoculated with a liquid solution of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Radicin®), which proved to be ineffective with respect to nodulation. For that reason all soils in the pots received an additional dressing with ammonium nitrate (0.6 g N per pot) split over four dates between 61 and 98 days after sowing. In 2014, seeds were successfully inoculated using a dry product based on peat with 4 × 10 9 viable bacteria per gram (HiStick®).After planting the soil water content was adjusted to 50% of the maximum water holding capacity and later in the season to 65%. Soil water content was controlled daily to replenish water loss with deionized water. Plants were treated with Pyrethrins (Spruzit®) against pea thrips (Kakothrips pisivorus) and the two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae).Data collection and assessments. The relative chlorophyll content (SPAD (soil-plant analysis development) value) of the three youngest, fully expanded leaves was weekly measured on each plant using a SPAD-Meter (SPAD-502, Konica Minolta, Osaka, Japan). The number of pods of all plants was counted shortly before harvest. A...

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Contribution of Early Season Cowpea to Late Season Maize in the Savanna Zone of West Africa

Cited by 72 publications

References 5 publications

Grain legume rotation benefits to maize in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria: fixed-nitrogen versus other rotation effects

Grain legume rotation benefits to maize in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria: fixed-nitrogen versus other rotation effects

Breeding drought tolerant cowpea: constraints, accomplishments, and future prospects

Effect of combined fertilization with rock phosphate and elemental sulphur on yield and nutrient uptake of soybean

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