Effect of combined fertilization with rock phosphate and elemental sulphur on yield and nutrient uptake of soybean

Abstract

Brahim S., Niess A., Pflipsen M., Neuhoff D., Scherer H. (2017): Effect of combined fertilization with rock phosphate and elemental sulphur on yield and nutrient uptake of soybean. Plant Soil Environ., 63: 89-95.Greenhouse pot experiments were carried out in 2013 and 2014 at the University of Bonn, Germany, to study the effect of combined fertilization of rock phosphate (RP) with elemental sulphur (ES) on growth, grain yield and nutrient uptake of soybean. Treatments included RP, ES, combined application (RPES), triple superphosphate (SP), magnesium sulphate (MgS), SP and magnesium sulphate (SPMgS) and an unfertilized control. Combined fertilization (RPES) resulted in a significant increase of soil-plant analysis development (SPAD) values, grain yield, yield components and nitrogen and in part phosphorus uptake of the shoot. Single application of RP or ES only tended to affect crop growth and nutrient uptake. Application of MgS and/or SP significantly increased grain yield in both years suggesting an effect of sulphate.Keywords: pot trials; organic farming; phosphorous deficiency; Glycine max 89 Plant Soil Environ. Vol. 63, 2017, No. 2: 89-95 doi: 10.17221/22/2017-PSE types and mixtures of P and sulphur (S) fertilizers arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments included elemental sulphur with 95% S, magnesium sulphate (MgS), fine-ground rock phosphate with 11.4% P, either alone or combined with fine ground ES with 95% S (RPES), triple superphosphate (SP = (Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 × H 2 O), SPMgS and a zero-control (CON). Basal nutrient supply of all treatments is summarised in Table 1. Pots were set up on a turnable framework on drays allowing both regular randomization and exposition to outdoor air on hot and dry days. Soybeans (Glycine max L.) cv. Sultana were sown (2.5 cm depth) in April with a density of nine seeds per pot and later adjusted to three plants. In 2013 seeds were inoculated with a liquid solution of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Radicin®), which proved to be ineffective with respect to nodulation. For that reason all soils in the pots received an additional dressing with ammonium nitrate (0.6 g N per pot) split over four dates between 61 and 98 days after sowing. In 2014, seeds were successfully inoculated using a dry product based on peat with 4 × 10 9 viable bacteria per gram (HiStick®).After planting the soil water content was adjusted to 50% of the maximum water holding capacity and later in the season to 65%. Soil water content was controlled daily to replenish water loss with deionized water. Plants were treated with Pyrethrins (Spruzit®) against pea thrips (Kakothrips pisivorus) and the two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae).Data collection and assessments. The relative chlorophyll content (SPAD (soil-plant analysis development) value) of the three youngest, fully expanded leaves was weekly measured on each plant using a SPAD-Meter (SPAD-502, Konica Minolta, Osaka, Japan). The number of pods of all plants was counted shortly before harvest. A...

Density of Competition between Species of Urochloa Sp. in Soybean Cultivation

“…These results prove that culture of soybean is highly responsive in negative way to the effect of competition between the species, mainly regarding the light, water and nutrients (Brahim et al, 2017), where metabolism of the plant was impaired and, consequently, the accumulation of DMAPS (Heemst, 1985). Plasticity of adaptation of soybean under competition with others species is varied, as reported by Mckenzie-Gopsill et al (2016), these adaptation or modification reach, in general, the vegetal organism, even at tissues 'level of the organs.…”

“…Spad index of soybean shows a high correlation with nitrogen index in the leaves (Nogueira et al, 2010;Parente et al, 2015), others elements also influence on intensity of green color in leaves, as reported by Brahim (2017) and even the number of leaves in its aerial part, which negatively influenced the rate of photosynthesis as well as dry mass accumulation.…”

Nitrogen and sulphur fertilisation affecting soybean seed spermidine content

“…There were no differences in seed yield between ammonium sulphate and urea. In contrast, Brahim et al (2017) reported that the application of magnesium sulphate and/or triple superphosphate significantly increased soybean grain yield, suggesting an effect of sulphate. In our experiment, the higher dose of N (3g N pot -1 ) was a luxury dose, which depressed the yields (treatments 3 and 5) - Table 3.…”

Evaluation of sulfur source and dose on the nutritional state and production of piatã forage

“…Elemental sulfur is only taken up by plants after microbial oxidation. However, the effectiveness of elemental sulfur is affected by temperature, moisture, pH, and soil organic matter content due to their influence on the oxidation rate (BRAHIM et al, 2017;DEGRYSE et al, 2018).…”