“…Gum arabic (GA), the “gold standard” food grade emulsifier, is widely used in the food industry, and can be used as one of the carrier base materials for bioactive substances ( Rajabi, Jafari, Rajabzadeh, Sarfarazi, & Sedaghati, 2019 ).As a polymer complex, GA mainly consists of three subfractions, namely arabinogalactan (∼90 %of total gum mass), arabinogalactan-protein (∼10 %of total gum mass), and glycoprotein (∼1%of total gum mass). Among them, arabinogalactan-protein has been identified as the key fraction responsible for the amphiphilic nature of GA and possesses a ‘wattle blossom’ type structure where the hydrophilic blocks of carbohydrate are linked to a common hydrophobic polypeptide chain ( Li, Zhang, Jin, & Cai, 2018 ). In addition, this structure leads to its easy adsorption of hydrophobic substances.…”