We investigated the difficulties Psychosocial Care Centers face in carrying out psychosocial rehabilitation by means of an integrative review. We analyzed 35 articles from journals indexed in the LILACS, SciELO, INDEX Psi and PePSIC databases. The results reveal that the concept of psychosocial rehabilitation encompasses a multiplicity of meanings. The articles describe successful experiences, but emphasize various difficulties, such as poor articulation between Psychosocial Care Centers and primary and inter-sectoral care services, actions with a poor level of community focus, few social inclusion initiatives through working, poor support for families and lack of training for health care professionals. We conclude that there must be more debate and reflection on the part of management and professionals in order to improve this process. poucas iniciativas para a inclusão social pelo trabalho, baixo suporte às famílias e falta de capacitação dos profissionais de saúde. Conclui-se que é necessário promover o debate e a reflexão dos gestores e profissionais, a fim de melhorar tal processo.