Contralateral breast cancer: annual incidence and risk parameters.

Abstract

Lobular histology and age less than 55 years are found to increase the risk of CBC, while adjuvant chemotherapy significantly decreased the risk of CBC. The progressive rise in the annual incidence rates of CBC, together with the absence of a link between clinical prognostic factors of the first cancer and CBC, suggested that CBC can be considered as a second primary breast cancer.

Increased risk of contralateral breast cancers among overweight and obese women: a time-dependent association

“…The epidemiological results, found in our study, are in accordance with previously published data [6,8,18,27]. Annual incidence of CBC increases during the follow-up of breast cancer survivors.…”

“…Nevertheless, different strategies considering competing risks or multistate modeling approaches have been previously compared for the assessment of CBC hazard. Results did not indicate a better relevance of the above modeling strategies [8].…”

“…Breast cancer patients are recognized at an increased risk of second primary cancers including CBC, when compared to the general population [6,7]. The cumulative incidence of CBC occurrences has been estimated to be of 4% at 5 years of follow-up [8] and more than 10% after 10 years of followup [7,9]. A cumulative hazard of 20% has been reported after a follow-up of 20 years [10].…”

“…After a first occurrence of breast cancer (BC), a CBC event is usually considered as a second primary cancer [8].…”

Characterization of a novel scale maille contralateral breast shield: SMART Armor

“…However, during breast cancer treatment using radiotherapy, the other breast (the contralateral breast) receives radiation dose as an unwanted side effect of the treatment. The association between low dose from peripheral ionizing radiation and the risk for secondary cancer has attracted interest specifically for the long‐term surviving patients 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Specifically, concerns regarding oncogenesis and second cancer induction are realized and invoke the need for ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principles to be followed.…”