Continuum damage interactions between tension and compression in osteonal bone

Mirzaali, Mohammad J.; Bürki, Alexander; Schwiedrzik, Jakob; Zysset, Philippe K.; Wolfram, Uwe

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.05.007

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…from bulk to ultrastructure) and originates most likely at the ultrastructural level (Li et al, 2013; Mirzaali et al, 2015; Nyman et al, 2009; Samuel et al, 2016). At the bulk tissue level, the stress-strain curve of bone in compression shows a strain softening behavior in the post-yield deformation and allows for larger plastic deformation and higher yield and failure strains compared with those in tension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of extrafibrillar matrix to the mechanical behavior of bone using a novel cohesive finite element model

Lin

Samuel

Zeng

et al. 2017

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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The mechanical behavior of bone is determined at all hierarchical levels, including lamellae (the basic building block of bone) that are comprised of mineralized collagen fibrils and extrafibrillar matrix. The mechanical behavior of mineralized collagen fibrils has been investigated intensively using both experimental and computational approaches. Yet, the contribution of the extrafibrillar matrix to bone mechanical properties is poorly documented. In this study, we intended to address this issue using a novel cohesive finite element (FE) model, in conjunction with the experimental observations reported in the literature. In the FE model, the extrafibrillar matrix was considered as a nanocomposite of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals bounded through a thin organic interface modeled as a cohesive interfacial zone. The parameters required by the cohesive FE model were defined based on the experimental data reported in the literature. This hybrid nanocomposite model was tested in two loading modes (i.e. tension and compression) and under two hydration conditions (i.e. wet and dry). The simulation results indicated that (1) the failure modes of the extrafibrillar matrix predicted using the cohesive FE model were closely coincided with those experimentally observed in tension and compression tests; (2) the pre-yield deformation (i.e. internal strain) of HA crystals with respect to the applied strain was consistent with that obtained from the synchrotron X-ray scattering measurements irrespective of the loading modes and hydration status; and (3) the mechanical behavior of the extrafibrillar matrix was dictated by the properties of the organic interface between the HA crystals. Taken together, we postulate that the extrafibrillar matrix plays a major role in the pre-yield deformation and the failure mode of bone, thus, giving rise to important insights in the ultrastructural origins of bone fragility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of extrafibrillar matrix to the mechanical behavior of bone using a novel cohesive finite element model

Lin

Samuel

Zeng

et al. 2017

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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“…Pre-existing and pre-failure microdamage ( Figure 3) is not detectable using clinical imaging modalities but is deemed to be the most detrimental factor in defining bone's strength and toughness. 35 Microdamage accumulates due to isolated, non-physiological overloading events in a quasi-static mode or after suffering fatigue from a large number of physiological loading cycles 11,41 and decreases bone's stiffness, strength and toughness. 14,42 Microdamage can be differentiated into microcracks and diffuse damage which are smaller cracks on a lower length scale.…”

Section: Microdamagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,27,47,48 They appear at highly mineralised zones in bone tissue, between interstitial lamellae, along osteonal cement lines, at the boundaries of trabecular packages, at resorption cavities in trabecular bone, and, in case of sub-lamellar microcracking, along the canaliculi in cortical bone. 27,43,[47][48][49] Microdamage (Figure 3) is loading mode dependent 11 as it appears to be different in bone regions loaded primarily in tension compared to regions loaded in compression. 44,[50][51][52] In histology studies, tensile microdamage appears to consist mostly of diffuse cracks oriented normally to the loading axis while compressive microdamage is expressed as crosshatched microcracks.…”

Section: Microdamagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of bone's structural anisotropy and the loading mode dependent and anisotropic nature of microdamage yields loading mode dependent and anisotropic post-elastic behaviour of cortical bone. 11,13,53,[55][56][57] After an initial exponential hardening regime, the monotonic postyield behaviour is characterised by linear hardening in tension, quasi-brittle softening in compression, and ideal plasticity without hardening under shear ( Figure 1). Hardening in cortical bone is generated by mineralised collagen fibres bridging emerging cracks.…”

Section: Loading Mode Dependence and Anisotropymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-yield and failure properties of cortical bone

Wolfram

Schwiedrzik

2016

BoneKEy Reports

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Ageing and associated skeletal diseases pose a significant challenge for health care systems worldwide. Age-related fractures have a serious impact on personal, social and economic wellbeing. A significant proportion of physiological loading is carried by the cortical shell. Its role in the fracture resistance and strength of whole bones in the ageing skeleton is of utmost importance. Even though a large body of knowledge has been accumulated on this topic on the macroscale, the underlying micromechanical material behaviour and the scale transition of bone's mechanical properties are yet to be uncovered. Therefore, this review aims at providing an overview of the state-of-the-art of the post-yield and failure properties of cortical bone at the extracellular matrix and the tissue level.

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“…It was noted that microdamage is loading mode dependent as it appears to be different in bone regions predominantly under tension compared to regions predominantly under compression (Jepsen & Davy, 1997;Reilly & Currey, 1999). Recent results furthermore suggest that microdamage accumulated under compression is not only different to tensile microdamage but has a much greater impact on the tensile strength than tensile microdamage has on the compressive strength (Mirzaali et al, 2015). In fact, tensile damage can hardly be 'seen' on the compressive side whereas compressive strength couples fully into the tensile mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing microcrack orientation distribution functions in osteonal bone samples

Wolfram

Schwiedrzik

Mirzaali

et al. 2016

Journal of Microscopy

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Prefailure microdamage in bone tissue is considered to be the most detrimental factor in defining its strength and toughness with respect to age and disease. To understand the influence of microcracks on bone mechanics it is necessary to assess their morphology and three-dimensional distribution. This requirement reaches beyond classic histology and stereology, and methods to obtain such information are currently missing. Therefore, the aim of the study was to develop a methodology that allows to characterize three-dimensional microcrack distributions in bulk bone samples. Four dumbbell-shaped specimens of human cortical bone of a 77-year-old female donor were loaded beyond yield in either tension, compression or torsion (one control). Subsequently, synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SRμCT) was used to obtain phase-contrast images of the damaged samples. A microcrack segmentation algorithm was developed and used to segment microcrack families for which microcrack orientation distribution functions were determined. Distinct microcrack families were observed for each load case that resulted in distinct orientation distribution functions. Microcracks had median areas of approximately 4.7 μm , 33.3 μm and 64.0 μm for tension, compression and torsion. Verifying the segmentation algorithm against a manually segmented ground truth showed good results when comparing the microcrack orientation distribution functions. A size dependence was noted when investigating the orientation distribution functions with respect to the size of the volume of interest used for their determination. Furthermore, a scale separation between tensile, compressive and torsional microcracks was noticeable. Visual comparison to classic histology indicated that microcrack families were successfully distinguished. We propose a methodology to analyse three-dimensional microcrack distributions in overloaded cortical bone. Such information could improve our understanding of bone microdamage and its impact on bone failure in relation to tissue age and disease.

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Continuum damage interactions between tension and compression in osteonal bone

Cited by 35 publications

References 81 publications

Contribution of extrafibrillar matrix to the mechanical behavior of bone using a novel cohesive finite element model

Contribution of extrafibrillar matrix to the mechanical behavior of bone using a novel cohesive finite element model

Post-yield and failure properties of cortical bone

Characterizing microcrack orientation distribution functions in osteonal bone samples

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